Genital mutilation/Table: Difference between revisions
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|| still in use, but increasingly being replaced by radical circumcisions in the Philippines | || still in use, but increasingly being replaced by radical circumcisions in the Philippines | ||
|| a dorsal incision in which the foreskin is cut open and the glans is exposed, but no tissue is removed | || a dorsal incision in which the foreskin is cut open and the glans is exposed, but no tissue is removed | ||
|| Exposed glans, skin flaps on the underside of the penis | || Exposed glans, [[skin]] flaps on the underside of the penis | ||
|| strong | || strong | ||
|| no | || no | ||
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|| ? | || ? | ||
|| A horizontal incision is made on the top of the foreskin and the glans is pulled through. | || A horizontal incision is made on the top of the foreskin and the glans is pulled through. | ||
|| Exposed glans, flaps of skin on the underside of the penis | || Exposed glans, flaps of [[skin]] on the underside of the penis | ||
|| strong | || strong | ||
|| no | || no | ||
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|| still in use | || still in use | ||
|| 4 incisions are made in the foreskin, the glans is exposed, but no tissue is removed | || 4 incisions are made in the foreskin, the glans is exposed, but no tissue is removed | ||
|| bared glans, 4 skin flaps, similar to a flower, around the glans | || bared glans, 4 [[skin]] flaps, similar to a flower, around the glans | ||
|| very strong | || very strong | ||
|| no | || no | ||
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|| varying, always before puberty | || varying, always before puberty | ||
|| yes | || yes | ||
|| The foreskin is pulled forward and previously partially cut off with a sharp stone, today with a razor blade or a scalpel. If carried out by a surgeon, parts of both skin layers are usually removed and, if necessary, then sutured. | || The foreskin is pulled forward and previously partially cut off with a sharp stone, today with a razor blade or a scalpel. If carried out by a surgeon, parts of both [[skin]] layers are usually removed and, if necessary, then sutured. | ||
|| partially, after puberty mostly completely bare glans, visible scar, loss of sensitive tissue | || partially, after puberty mostly completely bare glans, visible scar, loss of sensitive tissue | ||
|| very strong (with anesthesia: no pain, but possibly unpleasant after-effects) | || very strong (with anesthesia: no pain, but possibly unpleasant after-effects) | ||
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|| varying | || varying | ||
|| yes | || yes | ||
|| The foreskin is pulled forward and previously partially cut off with a sharp stone, today with a razor blade or a scalpel. If carried out by a surgeon, parts of both skin layers are usually removed and, if necessary, then sutured. | || The foreskin is pulled forward and previously partially cut off with a sharp stone, today with a razor blade or a scalpel. If carried out by a surgeon, parts of both [[skin]] layers are usually removed and, if necessary, then sutured. | ||
|| partially, after puberty mostly completely bare glans, visible scar, loss of sensitive tissue | || partially, after puberty mostly completely bare glans, visible scar, loss of sensitive tissue | ||
|| very strong (with anesthesia: no pain, but possibly unpleasant after-effects) | || very strong (with anesthesia: no pain, but possibly unpleasant after-effects) | ||
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|| ? | || ? | ||
|| yes | || yes | ||
|| The foreskin is pulled forward and previously partially cut off with a sharp stone, today with a razor blade or a scalpel. If carried out by a surgeon, parts of both skin layers are usually removed and, if necessary, then sutured. | || The foreskin is pulled forward and previously partially cut off with a sharp stone, today with a razor blade or a scalpel. If carried out by a surgeon, parts of both [[skin]] layers are usually removed and, if necessary, then sutured. | ||
|| partially, after puberty mostly completely bare glans, visible scar, loss of sensitive tissue | || partially, after puberty mostly completely bare glans, visible scar, loss of sensitive tissue | ||
|| very strong (with anesthesia: no pain, but possibly unpleasant after-effects) | || very strong (with anesthesia: no pain, but possibly unpleasant after-effects) | ||
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|| varying, mostly in children | || varying, mostly in children | ||
|| yes | || yes | ||
|| The foreskin is pulled forward and previously partially cut off with a sharp stone, today with a razor blade or a scalpel. If carried out by a surgeon, parts of both skin layers are usually removed and, if necessary, then sutured. | || The foreskin is pulled forward and previously partially cut off with a sharp stone, today with a razor blade or a scalpel. If carried out by a surgeon, parts of both [[skin]] layers are usually removed and, if necessary, then sutured. | ||
|| partially, after puberty mostly completely bare glans, visible scar, loss of sensitive tissue | || partially, after puberty mostly completely bare glans, visible scar, loss of sensitive tissue | ||
|| very strong (with anesthesia: no pain, but possibly unpleasant after-effects) | || very strong (with anesthesia: no pain, but possibly unpleasant after-effects) | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Plastic surgery that removes the inner layer of skin''' | | '''Plastic surgery that removes the inner layer of [[skin]]''' | ||
|| in civilized countries | || in civilized countries | ||
|| a doctor | || a doctor | ||
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|| varying, mostly in children | || varying, mostly in children | ||
|| yes | || yes | ||
|| the inner foreskin layer is removed, the outer skin layer is folded inward and sewn to the base of the glans | || the inner foreskin layer is removed, the outer [[skin]] layer is folded inward and sewn to the base of the glans | ||
|| Largely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue. The purpose of the technique is to leave a certain reserve of skin and to make the circumcision scar invisible. | || Largely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue. The purpose of the technique is to leave a certain reserve of [[skin]] and to make the circumcision scar invisible. | ||
|| no (possibly unpleasant after-effects) | || no (possibly unpleasant after-effects) | ||
|| yes | || yes | ||
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|| still often (estimated 57%) | || still often (estimated 57%) | ||
|| The foreskin is completely cut away (after it has been incised and torn from the glans in babies and toddlers). Various devices are usually used for this. The frenulum is also sometimes removed. | || The foreskin is completely cut away (after it has been incised and torn from the glans in babies and toddlers). Various devices are usually used for this. The frenulum is also sometimes removed. | ||
|| completely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue, visible scar, mostly missing skin reserve for erections | || completely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue, visible scar, mostly missing [[skin]] reserve for erections | ||
|| extremely strong | || extremely strong | ||
|| with babies mostly no | || with babies mostly no | ||
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|| seldom | || seldom | ||
|| The foreskin is completely cut away (after it has been incised and torn from the glans in babies and toddlers). Various devices are usually used for this. The frenulum is also sometimes removed. | || The foreskin is completely cut away (after it has been incised and torn from the glans in babies and toddlers). Various devices are usually used for this. The frenulum is also sometimes removed. | ||
|| completely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue, visible scar, mostly missing skin reserve for erections | || completely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue, visible scar, mostly missing [[skin]] reserve for erections | ||
|| extremely strong | || extremely strong | ||
|| with babies mostly no | || with babies mostly no | ||
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|| very often | || very often | ||
|| The foreskin is completely cut away (after it has been incised and torn from the glans in babies and toddlers). Various devices are usually used for this. The frenulum is also sometimes removed. | || The foreskin is completely cut away (after it has been incised and torn from the glans in babies and toddlers). Various devices are usually used for this. The frenulum is also sometimes removed. | ||
|| completely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue, visible scar, mostly missing skin reserve for erections | || completely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue, visible scar, mostly missing [[skin]] reserve for erections | ||
|| extremely strong | || extremely strong | ||
|| with babies mostly no | || with babies mostly no | ||
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|| often | || often | ||
|| The foreskin is completely cut away (after it has been incised and torn from the glans in babies and toddlers). Various devices are usually used for this. The frenulum is also sometimes removed. | || The foreskin is completely cut away (after it has been incised and torn from the glans in babies and toddlers). Various devices are usually used for this. The frenulum is also sometimes removed. | ||
|| completely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue, visible scar, mostly missing skin reserve for erections | || completely bared glans, great loss of sensitive tissue, visible scar, mostly missing [[skin]] reserve for erections | ||
|| extremely strong | || extremely strong | ||
|| with babies mostly no | || with babies mostly no | ||
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|| ? | || ? | ||
|| probably not practiced since around 1900 | || probably not practiced since around 1900 | ||
|| The entire penile skin, including a piece of skin of the pubic mound, is torn off. | || The entire penile [[skin]], including a piece of [[skin]] of the pubic mound, is torn off. | ||
|| serious mutilation | || serious mutilation | ||
|| extraordinarily strong | || extraordinarily strong | ||