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→Psychic circumcision trauma: Add text and citation.
|ref=<ref name="taddio1997"/>
}}
Boyle & Ramos (2019) reported [[PTSD]] in [[circumcised]] boys in the Philippine Islands.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Boyle
|first=Gregory J.
|init=GJ
|author-link=Gregory J. Boyle
|last2=Ramos
|first2=Samuel
|init2=S
|author2-link=
|etal=no
|title=Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Filipino boys subjected to non-therapeutic ritual or medical surgical procedures: A retrospective cohort study
|journal=Annals of Medicine and Surgery
|location=
|date=2019
|volume=42
|issue=
|pages=19-22
|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2049080119300305
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=31080593
|pubmedCID=6506608
|DOI=10.1016/j.amsu.2019.04.004
|accessdate=2023-01-26
}}</ref>
==== Results of psychic circumcision trauma ====