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}}</ref> A person granting consent cannot, for instance, be impaired by therapeutic drugs.

Any person who grants consent for circumcision must be of sound mind at the time that consent was granted or the consent may be invalidated. A person granting consent cannot, for instance, be impaired by therapeutic drugs.

Parents are frequently asked to serve as surrogates for their minor children. A surrogate has limited powers of consent. The surrogate must not exceed the limited powers granted. Surrogates are generally limited to the granting of consent for diagnosis and treatment of a proven, diseasecondition.<ref name="aap1995">{{REFjournal