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The [[clitoris]] and penis are generally the same anatomical structure, although the distal portion (or opening) of the [[urethra]] is absent in the [[clitoris]] of humans and most other animals. The idea that males have [[clitoris]]es was suggested in 1987 by researcher Josephine Lowndes Sevely, who theorized that the male corpora cavernosa (a pair of sponge-like regions of erectile tissue which contain most of the blood in the penis during penile [[erection]]) are the true counterpart of the [[clitoris]]. She argued that "the male [[clitoris]]" is directly beneath the rim of the glans penis, where the frenulum of prepuce of the penis (a fold of the prepuce) is located, and proposed that this area be called the "Lownde's crown." Her theory and proposal, though acknowledged in anatomical literature, did not materialize in anatomy books.<ref>{{REFbook

The thin corpus spongiosum of the penis runs along the underside of the penile shaft, enveloping the [[urethra]], and expands at the end to form the glans. It partially contributes to [[erection]], which are primarily caused by the two corpora cavernosa that comprise the bulk of the shaft; like the female cavernosa, the male cavernosa soak up blood and become erect when sexually excited.<ref name="Libertino 1998">{{REFbook