Changes

}}</ref> Although ''E. coli'' is one of the most common bacteria on the surface of human [[skin]], strains found in hospitals tend to be particularly virulent. ''E. coli'' that live in the intestinal tract cause urinary tract infections when allowed to get into the sterile urinary tract. Whether intact or circumcised, baby boys sitting in poopy diapers allows ''E. coli'' an opportunity to enter the urinary tract. And, of course, fiddling with the foreskin and introducing bacteria foreign to the baby's body or his urinary tract can cause UTI, too. The tight [[foreskin]] of the infant boy acts as a sphincter to allow [[urine]] to flow out, but prevents contaminants and pathogens from coming in.<ref name="Fleiss 1998">{{REFjournal |last=Fleiss |init=PM |author-link=Paul M. Fleiss |last2=Hodges |init2=FM |author2-link=Frederick M. Hodges |last3=Van Howe |init3=RS |author3-link=Robert Van Howe |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/disease/STD/fleiss3/ |title=Immunological functions of the human prepuce |journal=Sex Trans Infect |location=London |volume=74 |issue=5 |pages=364-367 |date=FleissP HodgesF VanHoweRS 1998-10 |accessdate=2019-10-31}}</ref>