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}}</ref> Circumcision Circumcisions were carried out without any kind of pain relief, analgesia, or sedation. The surgical amputation of the highly sensitive [[foreskin]] was done with a wide awake non-anesthetized infant, who would do his best to escape from the intense [[pain]] of amputative surgery, so a restraint device was needed so that no greater physical injury was done to the infant than the intended injury of foreskin amputation.