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→Non-therapeutic circumcision and Canadian law
Excision of healthy functional tissue that occurs with non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of children is a practice that is of dubious lawfulness in Canada.
The ''Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' (1982), [https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/how-rights-protected/guide-canadian-charter-rights-freedoms.html#a2e Section 7] provides every Canadian with the right to ''security of the person''.<ref name="chhrp2018" /> Collins (2013) argues strongly that a precautionary approach is legally required to protect the Canadian right to ''security of the person''.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=Collins |first= |init=LM |author-link= |etal=no |title=Security of the person, peace of mind: a precautionary approach to environmental uncertainty |trans-title= |language= |journal=Journal of Human Rights and the Environment |location= |date=2013-03 |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=79-100 |url=https://download.ssrn.com/13/06/26/ssrn_id2285579_code1311333.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEOn%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIQDJn8gdCySKm46IFox3eY5pY1F2qdI7rxySR48R3Z8%2F4AIgNpzH6FMAZH8DZowAK3EGGMIztiifngXJqHaIdaSjs3QqxgUIsv%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAEGgwzMDg0NzUzMDEyNTciDMfXLaoz1sBd9jggBSqaBcBtoGHDLWsFyfCOjcGXMfTcW0ZA%2BcTLwAPGib0t2kt0062OwI1i10DXiuqbWVlqLGqNwocwIERUXjGdK8iOQZHBznddI6RRg8B10qs9LTjUmpHjISZBC3BaZVZfFgUHmkchay%2FYQSc6AJlu0xnlMS7JFNKC91TiKefwCjDgXIso21DUl30C8l4gMhs7RY6XSirdHAgGeVejZQuAR2TiK8EfOHgXhIlsJfln%2BM1gYXChEjzGBUIfnwVg5NQF6gxhj%2B%2Fgm0fjbC7ZcIwyuVsmAj0AQueNBED2%2FzV5oNeTzk0YY99s%2Bne8nnKM68y8P0yIoAPpihgzcH84u%2F1fUPQmIm3Ov9lRY9414BjccWYL9ayEllwU0cwSGLLs85rtodBBrQZfMiGlAau64Qs4EDUbD3eDZld4cOaJuuu2z5emwIU34miGgm0Xuoxc%2BocXDkQonFicRadQM1HL%2FUR3cd90W10PhtrJgXoQo%2FTQcpuXf4EOdaCpVanRBnQF3vCav22kmhsjO7juTx39SClqlKtZXiYJYJnySCczPPSnfy8jaasWZuHhwMrwrx3FCoKvut%2Bst%2FMppcNlSKtC4jGqPGmp61AaTQSj1DpB2s6zg5GdPlMbetmhyyGUp1f1YS%2BFmvV5qwuvkXAvA5j%2BRno1pKci9OI3su1sRrjaqkwVmjL70hM6qBjUEG7eS5cieuXu183Fo%2FH3TXcg6%2FSKFwUfR8BF8OlAaIZfr%2Fi8HjQKF0axvHKb08eTN1Ca06jZQ%2B5iwSgR6eWWIE9KeTJuZG%2FN919BpJIh4wx82A%2FO9mDtXc1PevaHQvQKOpGuwv5murAnDLfywbIpNYoOJ%2B7oygtJeJHIAapJiJJuHLcvrOZWvq7OTFfQqqiMQ%2FsQjD4HFzCZyZ27BjqxAfRWKJZddenlHMib%2Fj2iOyXc%2BLhvjWFRhw9damzRNG1DNxYxiFETcESKgZEERDNijhS2JNB5d3CfRK%2FMmdJVsvDMKkIaOdb2Er23pWjZNfV0igeur9Apn21iDMarqHSUYslfySvbtpaWaGCZ1ohVx%2Fm%2BSyJA0fWbpKfYJBNKn%2B9u3FnKhDxcMRYHoX4ghtj1EX2aZaPW0SOWqefZII80iQrkUGCj2uDaVXq%2FkSHltUBBaA%3D%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20241222T011938Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAUPUUPRWETH5JUZVH%2F20241222%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=14d6f961b3225b9d5c78dfa2fe9491097416fffac9e8ecb59e51607463256920&abstractId=2285579 |archived= |quote= |pubmedID= |pubmedCID= |DOI= |doi= |accessdate=2024-12-21}}</ref>
In addition, Canada is a state-party to the United Nations ''[https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CCPR.aspx Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]'' (1966) and the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx Convention on the Rights of the Child]'' (1989), both of which provide various [[human rights]] to children, which are violated by non-therapeutic child circumcision.
|accessdate=2019-10-27
}}</ref></blockquote>
Canadian Section Seven right to ''security of the person''.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Collins
|first=
|init=LM
|author-link=
|etal=no
|title=Security of the person, peace of mind: a precautionary approach to environmental uncertainty
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Journal of Human Rights and the Environment
|location=
|date=2013-03
|volume=4
|issue=3
|pages=79-100
|url=https://download.ssrn.com/13/06/26/ssrn_id2285579_code1311333.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEOn%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIQDJn8gdCySKm46IFox3eY5pY1F2qdI7rxySR48R3Z8%2F4AIgNpzH6FMAZH8DZowAK3EGGMIztiifngXJqHaIdaSjs3QqxgUIsv%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAEGgwzMDg0NzUzMDEyNTciDMfXLaoz1sBd9jggBSqaBcBtoGHDLWsFyfCOjcGXMfTcW0ZA%2BcTLwAPGib0t2kt0062OwI1i10DXiuqbWVlqLGqNwocwIERUXjGdK8iOQZHBznddI6RRg8B10qs9LTjUmpHjISZBC3BaZVZfFgUHmkchay%2FYQSc6AJlu0xnlMS7JFNKC91TiKefwCjDgXIso21DUl30C8l4gMhs7RY6XSirdHAgGeVejZQuAR2TiK8EfOHgXhIlsJfln%2BM1gYXChEjzGBUIfnwVg5NQF6gxhj%2B%2Fgm0fjbC7ZcIwyuVsmAj0AQueNBED2%2FzV5oNeTzk0YY99s%2Bne8nnKM68y8P0yIoAPpihgzcH84u%2F1fUPQmIm3Ov9lRY9414BjccWYL9ayEllwU0cwSGLLs85rtodBBrQZfMiGlAau64Qs4EDUbD3eDZld4cOaJuuu2z5emwIU34miGgm0Xuoxc%2BocXDkQonFicRadQM1HL%2FUR3cd90W10PhtrJgXoQo%2FTQcpuXf4EOdaCpVanRBnQF3vCav22kmhsjO7juTx39SClqlKtZXiYJYJnySCczPPSnfy8jaasWZuHhwMrwrx3FCoKvut%2Bst%2FMppcNlSKtC4jGqPGmp61AaTQSj1DpB2s6zg5GdPlMbetmhyyGUp1f1YS%2BFmvV5qwuvkXAvA5j%2BRno1pKci9OI3su1sRrjaqkwVmjL70hM6qBjUEG7eS5cieuXu183Fo%2FH3TXcg6%2FSKFwUfR8BF8OlAaIZfr%2Fi8HjQKF0axvHKb08eTN1Ca06jZQ%2B5iwSgR6eWWIE9KeTJuZG%2FN919BpJIh4wx82A%2FO9mDtXc1PevaHQvQKOpGuwv5murAnDLfywbIpNYoOJ%2B7oygtJeJHIAapJiJJuHLcvrOZWvq7OTFfQqqiMQ%2FsQjD4HFzCZyZ27BjqxAfRWKJZddenlHMib%2Fj2iOyXc%2BLhvjWFRhw9damzRNG1DNxYxiFETcESKgZEERDNijhS2JNB5d3CfRK%2FMmdJVsvDMKkIaOdb2Er23pWjZNfV0igeur9Apn21iDMarqHSUYslfySvbtpaWaGCZ1ohVx%2Fm%2BSyJA0fWbpKfYJBNKn%2B9u3FnKhDxcMRYHoX4ghtj1EX2aZaPW0SOWqefZII80iQrkUGCj2uDaVXq%2FkSHltUBBaA%3D%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20241222T011938Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAUPUUPRWETH5JUZVH%2F20241222%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=14d6f961b3225b9d5c78dfa2fe9491097416fffac9e8ecb59e51607463256920&abstractId=2285579
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
|doi=
|accessdate=2024-12-21
}}</ref>
===Canadian Medical Association Code of Ethics and Professionalism===