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'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' accounts for the great majority of all circumcisions in the world. The incidence of male [[circumcision ]] reaches nearly 100 percent in the swath of Islamic nations that stretch from Nigeria in the west to Indonesia in the east.
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==Religious requirement==
Though absent in the Koran, male [[circumcision]] is considered a religious requirement in [[Islam]], and it is performed on male children of varying ages prior to puberty. Converts to these faiths this faith may also choose to undergo [[adult circumcision]], but it is not always required.
==Psychological issues==
Cansever (1965) administered psychological tests to twelve 5-to-7-year-old Turkish boys before and after [[Islam| Islamic]] circumcision and reported the results in her landmark paper, which was published in the ''British Journal of Medical Psychology'' in December 1965.<ref name="cansever1965">{{REFjournal
==The harm of circumcision==
Male circumcision is harmful because it excises healthy tissue and permanently destroys beneficial, protective, immunological, sexual, and sensory physiological functions. Male circumcision also causes [[Psychological issues of male circumcision| psychological problems ]] that tend to perpetuate the cycle of abuse. Male circumcision is a costly diversion of medical resources away from beneficial services. Male circumcision violates legal rights, [[human rights]], and ethical standards. Finally, we must remember that males are the more vulnerable and sensitive of the two genders and, therefore, deserve the greater degree of protection from traumatic, invasive, injurious,and unnecessary surgery. For all of these reasons the non-therapeutic circumcision of boys should not be performed and the [[genital integrity]] of all children should be respected and protected.<ref name="hill2007">{{REFjournal
|last=Hill
|first=George