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|accessdate=2021-08-04
}}</ref>
The introduction of [[circumcision]] as a medical practice was opposed by Dr. [[Herbert Snow]] who published a book entitled ''[https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/57083/pg57083-images.html The Barbarity of Circumcision]'' in 1890.
==Early Twentieth century==
}}</ref>
Several papers critical of phimosis diagnosis practice in the UK were published in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Rickwood & Walker (1989) reported that in the Mersey region (northwest England) "many boys are [[circumcised]] for [[Physiological phimosis| development non-retractability ]] of the prepuce rather than for true [[pathological phimosis]] and that in consequence some two-thirds of the operations are unnecessary."<ref name="rickwood1989">{{REFjournal
|last=Rickwood
|first=
}}</ref>
In defence of the much criticised British GPs, it should be stated that the data they were provided by [[Douglas Gairdner]] (1949) regarding development of foreskin retractability was very inaccurate,<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Denniston
|first=George C.
|accessdate=2025-01-15
|quote=During one particularly gruesome op on a dining room table in Bristol, a boy's penis "exploded" — causing him to almost die.
}}</ref>
The [[Crown Prosecution Service]] (2026) wants to classify [[circumcision]] as "child abuse".<ref name="guardian2026">{{REFnews
|title=Circumcision classed as possible child abuse in draft CPS document
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/law/crown-prosecution-service
|last=Weaver
|first=Matthew
|init=
|author-link=
|last2=Osuh
|init2=Chris
|author2-link=
|publisher=The Guardian
|website=https://archive.is/Ztx07
|date=2026-01-10
|accessdate=2026-01-13
|format=
|quote=Circumcision is to be classed as a potential form of child abuse under new guidance for prosecutors, amid concerns from judges and coroners about deaths and serious harms caused by the procedure.
}}</ref>
{{LINKS}}
* {{URLwikipedia|United_Kingdom|United Kingdom}}
* {{REFnews
|title=And, cut! What it was like being circumcised in my 60s
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/may/06/and-cut-what-it-was-like-being-circumcised-in-my-60s
|last=Jeffries
|first=Stuart
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=The Guardian
|website=
|date=2023-05-06
|accessdate=2026-01-18
|quote=
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/cultures-that-reject-circumcision/
|accessdate=2025-05-08
}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:Male circumcision]]
[[Category:Country]]
[[Category:English-speaking nation]]
[[Category:History]]
[[Category:Statistics]]