20,855
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
→Pathological phimosis in boys
==Pathological phimosis in boys==
Rickwood et al. (1980) reported that pathological phimosis in boys is almost always caused by [[balanitis xerotica obliterans]]. Phimosis is defined as "scarring of the tip of the prepuce."<refname="rickwood1980">{{REFdocument |title=Phimosis in boys |trans-title= |language= |archived= |contribution= |quote= |trans-quote= |quote-lang=REFjournal
|last=Rickwood
|first=AM |author-linkinit=AM
|last2=Hemalatha
|first2= |init2=V |author2-link= |last3=Batcup |first3= |init3=G
|author3-link=
|last4=Spitz
|first4= |init4=L
|author4-link=
|publisheretal=no |title=Phimosis in boys |trans-title= |language= |journal=Br J Urol |location= |date=1980-05
|volume=52
|issue=2
|pages=147-50
|url=https://www.cirp.org/library/treatment/phimosis/rickwood/
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=7191744
|pubmedCID=
|doi=10.1111/j.1464-410x.1980.tb02945.x.
|accessdate=2025-10-25
}}</ref>
Balanitis Xerotical Obliterans (BXO) and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus (LS) are two names for the same disease.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Laymon
|init=CW
|author-link=
|last2=freeman
|init2=C
|author2-link=
|url=
|title=Relationship of Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans to Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus
|journal=Arch Dermat Syph
|date=1944
|volume=48
|issue=
|pages=57-9
|accessdate=2025-10-26
}}</ref>
Becker (2011) has provided a comprehensive review of BXO/LS in boys.<ref name="becker2011">{{REFjournal
|last=Becker
|first=
|init=K
|author-link=
|etal=no
|title=Lichen sclerosus in boys
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int
|location=
|formatdate=2011-01 |volume=108 |issue=4 |datepages=198053-048 |url= |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=21307992 |pubmedCID=3036008 |DOI=10.3238/arztebl.2011.053 |doi= |accessdate=2025-10-2325
}}</ref>
Tissue afflicted with BXO/LS typically has a whitish color. BXO/LS frequently attacks the [[foreskin]], making it indurated and non-retractable.<ref name="becker2011" />
==Pathological phimosis in adults==
Adult-onset phimosis may also be caused by a yeast infection of the foreskin that makes it hard or impossible to retract the [[foreskin]].<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23199-male-yeast-infection
|accessdate=2025-10-24
}}</ref>
BXO (LS) also occurs in adults. It is one of very few recognized medical indications for [[adult circumcision]].<ref name="becker2011" />
{{SEEALSO}}