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'''Bill Gates''', of the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]], actively promotes male circumcision as [[HIV ]] prevention,<ref name='circ-search'>
{{REFweb
|last=Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
|format=
|quote=
}}</ref> All circumcisions are harmful because they excise [[Foreskin#Physiological_functions| highly functional tissue]] and cause physical, [[Sexual effects of circumcision| sexual]], and [[Psychological issues of male circumcision| emotional]] injuries. Bill claims they are done for health reasons, such as preventing [[HIV ]] infection, although circumcision does not reduce [[HIV ]] infection,<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Sidler
|first=
Bill was born at a time when non-therapeutic infant circumcision was a [[Routine Infant Circumcision| routine procedure]] in the United States and almost every boy automatically received a [[circumcision]] within hours after birth. It was then common for many Americans to have never seen a normal penis with a foreskin. As a teen, Bill attended the exclusive [https://www.lakesideschool.org/ Lakeside School]. In those years, a student with an intact foreskin would be extremely rare or even non-existent at the school. It is probable that Bill learned nothing during his adolescence about the nature and multiple functions of the foreskin. It is likely that Bill viewed the circumcised penis as "normal".
Bill's apparently profound lack of knowledge of the [[immunological and protective function of the foreskin]] would have rendered him naively gullible when presented with fake claims, based on bad science, of the alleged value of circumcision in preventing [[HIV ]] infection.
===The search for sexual satisfaction===
Laumann, Masi & Zuckerman (1997) discussed the findings of the National Health and Social Life Survey. They reported that circumcised males in America "engage in a somewhat more elaborated set of sexual practices than do men who are not circumcised."<ref name="Laumann1997">{{REFjournal
}}</ref>
}}
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Circumcision and HIV]]
* [[PEPFAR]]