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→Canada and circumcision in the 21st century: Add text and citation.
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DeMaria et al. (2013) surveyed physicians in southwest Ontario who still perform circumcisions. They concluded from their survey:
<blockquote>Our survey findings indicate that most physicians performing neonatal circumcisions in our community have received informal and unstructured training. This lack of formal instruction may explain the complications and unsatisfactory results witnessed in our pediatric urology practice. Many practitioners are not aware of the contraindications to neonatal circumcision and most non-surgeons perform the procedure without being able to handle common post-surgical complications.<ref name="demaria2013">
{{REFjournal
|last=De Maria
|first=
|init=J
|author-link=
|last2=Abdulla
|first2=
|init2=A
|author2-link=
|last3=Pemberton
|first3=
|init3=J
|author3-link=
|last4=Roees
|first4=
|init4=A
|author4-link=
|last5=Braga
|first5=
|init5=LH
|author5-link=
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|first6=
|init6=
|author6-link=
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|init9=
|author9-link=
|etal=no
|title=Are Physicians Performing Neonatal Circumcisions Well Trained?
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Can Urol Assoc J
|location=
|date=2013
|volume=7
|issue=7-8
|article=
|page=260-4
|pages=
|url=https://cuaj.ca/index.php/journal/article/view/200
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=24032062
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.200
|accessdate=2021-06-24
}}</ref></blockquote>
As of 2019, [[third-party payment]] for circumcision is not available in Canada. Moreover, non-therapeutic circumcision is not done in hospitals,<ref name="jamesloewen2019" /> so parents who want to have a boy circumcised must take the boy to the surgery of a practitioner who specializes in non-therapeutic male circumcision, and furthermore must pay out of pocket. For example, the cost of circumcision of a newborn boy in New Brunswick is C$425 ranging up to C$1500 for a teenager or adult.<ref>{{REFweb