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→Canada and circumcision in the 21st century: Revise text.
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The [https://www.gov.mb.ca/health/ Manitoba Department of Health ] issued a ''Patient Safety Learning Advisory'' in February 2018 regarding an incident in which a newly [[circumcised]] infant boy experienced [[bleeding]] after his non-therapeutic [[circumcision]]. A blood pressure cuff suitable for infants was not available so a proper diagnosis was not made. The boy was discharged home, however [[bleeding ]] continued and the boy was returned to the emergency department but was then transferred to a tertiary care facility. The boy suffered multiple complications.<ref>{{REFweb
|title=Patient Safety Learning Advisory
|url=https://www.gov.mb.ca/health/patientsafety/docs/psla61.pdf
|quote=The infant required transfer to a tertiary care site by the neonatal transport team due to
multiple complications.
}}</ref> Infant boys have very little blood in their tiny bodies so the ability to withstand [[bleeding ]] is very limited. Typically, exsanguination and hypovolemic shock occurs.
As of 2022, [[third-party payment]] for non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] has not been available anywhere in Canada since 2006.<ref name="skeldon2008" /> Moreover, non-therapeutic circumcision is not done in most hospitals,<ref name="jamesloewen2019" /> so parents who want to have a boy circumcised must take the boy to the surgery of a practitioner who specializes in non-therapeutic male circumcision, and furthermore must pay out of pocket. For example, the cost of circumcision of a newborn boy in New Brunswick is C$425 ranging up to C$1500 for a teenager or adult.<ref>{{REFweb