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→Behavior of young intact boys: typo
'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' provides parents with basic information on the care of [[intact]] boys. Boys are born with a [[foreskin]] that does not retract. There are two reasons that the foreskin of infant boys does not retract:* The tip of the foreskin is too narrow to pass over the [[glans penis]].* The inner foreskin is fused with the underlying glans penis. [[Forced foreskin retraction]] is harmful and must be avoided.==Introduction==After many decades of excision of the [[foreskin]] at birth, American and Canadian healthcare providers lost the knowledge of how to care for the normal, [[intact]], [[foreskinned]] boy's [[penis]].<youtuberef name="bollinger2007">rpN13irwvGk{{REFjournal |last=Bollinger |init=D |author-link=Dan Bollinger |title=The Penis-Care Information Gap: Preventing Improper Care of Intact Boys |url=https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/33205717/mini_magick20180818-27425-cmfzq0.png?1534629656 |journal=Thymos The Journal of Boyhood Studies |date=2007 |season=fall |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=205-19 |format=PDF |accessdate=2023-07-15}}</youtuberef>Therefore, it has been necessary to establish an educational program for both parents and physicians on the normal care of the [[intact]] [[penis]].<brref name="bollinger2007" /> Parents of [[intact]] boys in the [[United States]] have an additional responsibility of protecting their [[intact]], [[foreskinned]] son from harmful, painful [[Forced foreskin retraction| premature forcible foreskin retraction]] (PFFR) by ignorant doctors and nurses. ==Discussion==The intact [[foreskin]] has [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| protective and immunological functions]] that work best when the [[foreskin]] is left alone. Only the outside of the [[foreskin]] should be washed as one washes a finger. The [[preputial mucosa]] of the [[foreskin]] is fused with the [[glanspenis]] penis by the [[synechia]] in infancy and childhood so the [[foreskin ]] cannot be retracted. No attempt to retract the foreskin should be made. Forcible retraction is harmful. Wright (1994) advises that the first person to retract the boy’s foreskin should be the boy himself.<ref name="Wright1994">{{REFjournal
|last=Wright
|init=JE
}}</ref>
Thorvaldsen & Meyhoff (2005) conducted a survey of 4,000 boys in [[Denmark]] where most boys are [[intact]]. They report reported that the mean age of first [[foreskin]] retraction is 10.4 years in [[Denmark]].<ref name="Thorvaldsen-meyhoff2005">{{REFjournal
|last=Thorvaldsen
|init=MA
|date=2005
|accessdate=2019-11-14
}}</ref> Øster (1968) reported that some boys will not develop retractable foreskin until after puberty.<ref name="Øster1968">{{REFjournal
|last=Øster
|first=Jakob
|init=J
|title=Further fate of the foreskin: incidence of preputial adhesions, phimosis, and smegma among Danish schoolboys
|journal=Arch Dis Child
|date=1968-04-01
|volume=43
|issue=
|pages=200-3
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2019851/pdf/archdisch01557-0066.pdf
|quote=
|pubmedID=5689532
|pubmedCID=2019851
|DOI=10.1136/adc.43.228.200
|accessdate=2021-07-18
}}</ref>
==Behavior of young intact boys==
Parents observe that many young, [[intact]] boys will pull and tug on their [[foreskin]]. Some parents express concern that the boy may be hurting himself, however that is not the case. The boy would not do that if it caused him pain.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.kidshealth.org.nz/how-care-your-childs-foreskin
|title=How To Care For Your Child's Foreskin
|publisher=KidsHealth of New Zealand
|date=2020-06-04
|accessdate=2023-01-25
}}</ref>
The foreskin has many [[Meissner's corpuscles]],<ref name="winkleman1956">{{REFjournal
|last=Winkelmann
|first=
|init=RK
|author-link=
|etal=no
|title=The cutaneous innervation of human newborn prepuce
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=J Invest Dermatol
|location=
|date=1956-01
|volume=26
|issue=1
|article=
|page=
|pages=53-67
|url=https://www.jidonline.org/article/S0022-202X(15)48804-9/pdf
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=13295637
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1038/jid.1956.5
|doi=
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2023-07-12
}}</ref> which are specialized nerves that sense motion and [[stretching]] as pleasurable. Such behavior is normal and parents need not be concerned.
Intact, [[foreskinned]] boys should give their (usually non-retractile) [[foreskin]] a gentle tug away from their body to get the wrinkles out prior to [[urination]], so that the [[urine]] flows out in a smooth stream.
==Spontaneous disintegration of the synechia==
The inner foreskin is fused from birth with the [[glans penis]] by a [[synechia]]. The synechia spontaneously disintegrates to release the foreskin.<ref name="deibart1933">{{REFjournal
|last=Deibart
|init=GA
|title=The separation of the prepuce in the human penis
|journal=Anat Rec
|date=1933-11
|volume=57
|issue=
|pages=387-99
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/deibert/
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090570409
|accessdate=2023-08-16
}}</ref> The disintegration usually occurs in childhood but will persist into adolescence in a few cases.
When a young boy urinates, the [[foreskin]] may [[Ballooning of the foreskin| balloon]] slightly and the pressure will tend to lift the [[foreskin]] away from the [[glans penis]].
Some [[intact]] boys will report pain when they urinate during the period in which separation is occurring. The condition is temporary and will end when separation is complete.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/penis_and_foreskin_care/#foreskin-separation
|title=Foreskin separation
|last=
|first=
|init=
|publisher=The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne
|date=2018-02
|accessdate=2023-08-15
}}</ref> It does not require a visit to a doctor or any kind of care.
==Not recommended==
Mayo Clinic provides information on the care of [[foreskinned]] boys. This advice is ''not'' recommended. The language indicates Midwestern prejudice against [[intact]] boys, a lack of understanding of the [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immmunological and protective functions]], and lack of current information on [[Development of retractable foreskin| development of foreskin retraction]].
==Video==
<br>
<youtube>rpN13irwvGk</youtube>
<br>
<youtube>?v=dqexM8uqDes&list=PLAWLXIFlrYdr0cuWb81Qy155NqXh0bnnP&index=3</youtube>
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Ballooning of the foreskin]]
* [[Forced foreskin retraction]]
* [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin]]
* [[Retraction Intact-friendly]]* [[Development of the retractable foreskin]]* [[Meatal stenosis]]* [[Protection of intact newborns in hospital]]
* [[Synechia]]
* [[Uncircumcised Intact versus Circumcised Baby Care]]
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFdocument
|title=When Your Baby Boy is Not Circumcised
|url=https://pool.intactiwiki.org/w/images/1982-02_Wallerstein-WhenYourBabyBoyIsNotCircumcised.pdf
|language=English
|last=Wallerstein
|first=Edward
|author-link=Edward Wallerstein
|publisher=Pennypress
|location=Seattle
|format=Four-page pamphlet
|date=1982-02
|accessdate=2021-05-30
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=http://www.gaamericanocirc.org/symposia/first/fleiss.html
|title=Care of the intact male
|trans-title=
|website=
|date=1989-03
|accessdate=20192021-1210-2005
|format=
|quote=Leave the penis of the newborn infant alone.
|pages=381-3
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/hygiene/simpson1/
|quote=Minor foreskin related complaints are very common in the first few years of life. Most of these can be managed with advice and reassurance, or with medical treatment alone. Circumcision is very rarely indicated in young boys, particularly under the age of 5 years.
|pubmedID=9613002
|pubmedCID=
|format=
|quote=
}}
* {{REFjournal
|last=Bollinger
|init=D
|author-link=
|url=https://www.academia.edu/6394928/The_Penis_Care_Information_Gap_Preventing_Improper_Care_of_Intact_Boys?
|title=The Penis-Care Information Gap: Preventing Improper Care of Intact Boys
|journal=The Journal of Boyhood Studies
|date=2007
|season=Fall
|volume=1
|issue=2
|pages=205-19
|accessdate=2023-05-25
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.intactamerica.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Intact-Care-Guide-2018.pdf
|title=Intact care guide for parents and caregivers.
|last=
|publisher=Intact America
|date=2018
|accessdate=2022-12-29
}}
* {{REFdocument
|last=
|first=
|publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision(D.O.C.)]]
|format=PDF
|date=2016-07
|url=//www.yourwholebaby.org/basic-intact-care
|title=https:Basic Care (Intact Penis)
|publisher=Your Whole Baby
|website=
|url=https://www.rch.org.au/clinicalguide/guideline_index/The_penis_and_foreskin/
|title=The penis and foreskin
|publisher=The Royal Children's Hospital of Melbourne
|website=
|format=
|quote=
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=http://www.yourwholebody.org/teens
|title=I’m an intact teen. What do I need to know?
|last=
|first=
|init=
|publisher=Your Whole Body
|date=
|accessdate=2023-04-16
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/intact-penis-care/
|title=Intact Penis Care: Embracing Natural Well-being
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|publisher=Intact America
|date=2024-03-09
|accessdate=2024-03-10
}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:Education]]
[[Category:Film]]
[[Category:Film about circumcision and intactivism]]
[[Category:Parental information]]
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
[[de:{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]