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A '''cicatrix''' is a scar resulting from "the healing of a wound, such as one caused by injury, illness, smallpox vaccination, or surgery." Scar tissue is formed by dense masses of granulation tissue.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cicatrix
|title=Cicatrix
|publisher=The Free Dictionary
|date=2012
|accessdate=2022-01-16
}}</ref> All circumcision [[amputation| amputations]] leave a scar. The [[circumcision scar]] is noted for the unique way in which dissimilar tissue is mated at the scar. There usually is a unnatural visible texture and color change because [[skin]] on the proximal side is fused with [[mucosa]] on the distal side of the cicatrix. ==Problem cicatrices== A circumcision scar may contract and trap the [[glans penis]] inside a tight scar, thus creating [[iatrogenic]] [[phimosis]]. Alpert et al. (2018) presented their successful experience that combines cicatrix [[stretching]] with a hemostat using local anesthesia in the office followed by several weeks of topical steroids with a minority of patients needing any additional therapy.<ref name="alpert2018">{{REFjournal |last=Alpert |first=Seth A. |init=SA |author-link= |last2=Ching |first2=Christina B. |init2=CB |author2-link= |last3=DaJusta |first3=Daniel G. |init3=DG |author3-link= |etal=yes |title=Combination treatment for cicatrix after neonatal circumcision: An office-based solution to a challenging problem |journal=Journal of Pediatric Urology |location= |date=2018-06-27 |volume=14 |issue=5 |article= |page= |pages=P471-5 |url=https://www.jpurol.com/article/S1477-5131(18)30318-8/fulltext |formatarchived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=29980391
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.05.022
|accessdate=2022-01-17
}}</ref>
Fekete et al. (2011) reported 48 revisions to [[Adolescent and adult circumcision| adult circumcisions]]. The revisions were deemed necessary due to such issues as hypertrophic scar (n = 21, 44%), scar wrinkling (n = 13, 27%), incomplete circumcision (redundant foreskin) (n = 11, 23%) and paraphimosis (n = 3, 6%). Two patients required a second revision.<ref name="fekete2011">{{REFjournal
|last=Fekete
|first=Ferenc
|init=F
|author-link=
|last2=Török
|first2=Alexander
|init2=A
|author2-link=
|last3=Nyirády
|first3=Peter
|init3=P
|author3-link=
|etal=no
|title=Revisions after unsatisfactory adult circumcisions
|journal=Int Urol Nephrol
|location=
|date=2011-06
|volume=43
|issue=2
|article=
|page=
|pages=431-5
|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11255-010-9820-x
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=20878472
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1007/s11255-010-9820-x
|accessdate=2022-01-17
}}</ref>
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Circumcision scar]]
{{REF}}
[[Category:TermCircumcision_complication]][[Category:Medical term]] [[de:Narbe]]