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'''Circumcised doctors''' are male doctors who were circumcised as infants, so they lack any personal knowledge and experience of a normal male body part – the [[foreskin]] or of a normal, complete, functional [[penis]].Circumcised doctors, as compared with [[intact]], [[foreskinned]] doctors tend to be highly [[Bias| biased]] in favor of non-therapeutic infant [[circumcision]]. Circumcised doctors are more likely to give poor advice on the care of intact boys.  ==Location==Circumcised doctors tend to be concentrated in such nations as Turkey and other Islamic nations, Israel, the [[United States of America]] and to a lesser extent, other English-speaking nations. American medical trade associations, such as * the [[American Academy of Family Physicians]]* the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]]* the [[American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists| American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists]]* the American Urological Association are heavily populated with circumcised doctors, so their pronouncements on male circumcision, as compared with those of other nations, tend to be biased in favor of male circumcision.<ref name="goldman2004">{{REFjournal |last=Goldman |first=Ronald |init=R |author-link=Ronald Goldman |etal=no |title=Circumcision policy: a psychosocial perspective |trans-title= |language= |journal=Paediatrics & Child Health (Ottawa) |location= |date=2005-11 |volume=9 |issue=9 |pages=630-633 |url=https://academic.oup.com/pch/article/9/9/630/2648566?login=true |quote= |pubmedID=19675851 |pubmedCID=2724127 |DOI=10.1093/pch/9.9.630 |accessdate=2020-03-16}}</ref> ==Examples==There are hundreds of thousands of circumcised doctors, many of them of Jewish heritage. Some notable examples of circumcised doctors are:* [[Robert C. Bailey]]* [[Benjamin E. Dawson]]* [[Aaron J. Fink]]* [[Andrew Freedman]]* [[James Heilman]]* [[Murray Katz]]* [[John N. Krieger]]* [[Stephen Moses]]* [[Neil Pollock]]* [[Abraham Ravich]]* [[Terry Russell]]* [[Edgar J. Schoen]]* [[Thomas E. Wiswell]]* [[Abraham L. Wolbarst]]

* [[Ronald Goldman|Goldman]] (1999) reports reported circumcised doctors will write papers to support non-therapeutic circumcision:{{Citation<blockquote> |Text=One reason that flawed studies are published is that science is affected by cultural values. A principal method of preserving cultural values is to disguise them as truths that are based on scientific research. This 'research' can then be used to support questionable and harmful cultural values such as circumcision. This explains the claimed medical 'benefits' of circumcision.<ref name="goldman1999"/></blockquote> |Author=* [[Ronald Goldman|Goldman]] |ref=(2004) stated, "On the other hand, there are various factors that may contribute to or suggest a bias in favour of circumcision. A survey of randomly selected primary care physicians showed that circumcision was more often supported by doctors who were older, male and circumcised."<ref name="goldman1999goldman2004"/> * Andries J. Muller (2010) conducted a survey of Saskatchewan medical doctors in specialties that perform non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision. He reported "the circumcision status of, especially, the male respondents played a huge role in whether they were in support of circumcision, or not." The circumcision status of their sons was a secondary factor.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=Muller |init=AJ |author-link= |url=https://www.arclaw.org/wp-content/uploads/Muller-Cut-or-not-cut-JMH-2010.pdf |title=To cut or not to cut? Personal factors influence primary care physicians’ position on elective newborn circumcision |journal=Journal of Men's Health |date=2010-10 |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=227-32 |accessdate=2021-10-23}}</ref>  

Medical doctors in Australia, Canada, and the United States practiced circumcision in the twentieth century, so these nations have a heavy proportion of circumcised men, some of whom become medical doctors. These circumcised male doctors share the same [[bias ]] in favor of male circumcision as do other circumcised males. Male doctors who were circumcised as infants are more likely to recommend circumcision of infants to parents.<ref>{{REFweb

|url=http://www.intactnewspearltrees.orgcom/nodethesearemypearls/135/1318823579/doctors039doctors-promoting-circumcision-recommendations-influenced-personal-factors-study-finds/id6164717#item73102503