15,555
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
Revise heading; Wikify.
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2023-10-02
}}</ref> The [[foreskin ]] is internally lubricated with body fluid, so it glides frictionlessly over the shaft and [[Preputial mucosa|inner layer]] of foreskin. This mechanism was described by Lakshamanan & Prakash (1980), stating that "[t]he outer layer of the prepuce in common with the [[shaft skin|skin of the shaft]] of the [[penis]] glides freely in a to and fro fashion..."<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Lakshmanan
|init=S
}}</ref>
==The normal, [[foreskinned]], intact penis==Several people have argued that the gliding movement of the [[intact]] foreskin is important during [[sexual intercourse]]. [[John Warren| Warren]] & [[Jim Bigelow|Bigelow]] (1994) state that gliding action would help to reduce the effects of vaginal dryness and that restoration of the gliding action is an important advantage of [[foreskin restoration]].<ref name="warren-bigelow">{{REFjournal
|last=Warren
|init=J
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/general/warren2/
|quote=
|date=1994-09
|accessdate=2022-06-10
}}</ref>
==The circumcised penis==
Removal of the [[foreskin]] permanently exposes the [[glans penis]], tightens the residual [[shaft skin]] and reduces or eliminates gliding action. It also results in [[keratinization]] or callousing of the [[glans penis]] because of chafing and abrasion from clothing, leading to loss of sensation. Removal of the [[foreskin]] can lead to [[trauma]] of the penis (friction irritation) during [[masturbation]] due to the loss of the gliding action of the foreskin and greater friction, requiring the need of artificial lubrication. During sex, the loss of gliding action is also thought to cause pain, dryness, and trauma to the [[vagina]] of the female partner.<ref name="warren-bigelow"/> The [[trauma]] and abrasions of the vagina can lead to easier entry of [[Circumcision and STDs| sexually transmitted diseases]].<ref name="Bullough2014">{{REFbook
}}</ref>
==The restored penis==
Non-surgical [[foreskin restoration]] by [[tissue expansion]] increases [[skin]] mobility, restores the gliding action, and improves sensation and [[Foreskin#Sexual_functions| sexual function]].