Changes

===Male infibulation===Male infibulation is done by twice piercing the [[foreskin]] and then placing a clasp through the two piercings to prevent retraction of the foreskin. The clasp may be a small padlock. The intent is to prevent [[masturbation]] and sexual intercoursecoitus.<ref name="peete2012">{{REFweb

}}</ref> In ancient times, infibulation was thought to protect the quality of a young singer's voice.<ref name="peete2012" /><ref name="hodges2001">{{REFjournal |last=Hodges |first=Frederick M. |init=FM |author-link=Frederick M. Hodges |etal=no |title=The Ideal Prepuce in Ancient Greece and Rome: Male Genital Aesthetics and Their Relation to Lipodermos, Circumcision, Foreskin Restoration, and the Kynodesme |journal=Bull Hist Med |location= |date=2001-09 |volume=75 |issue=3 |pages=375-405 |formaturl=http://www.cirp.org/library/history/hodges2/

In ancient times, infibulation Greece the [[foreskin]] was thought to protect closed by being tied up with a string known as the quality of a young singer's voice'[[kynodesme]]'' (dogtie).<ref name="peete2012hodges2001" />

===Female infibulation===Female infibulation is more complex. It includes [[excision ]] of the [[labia majora ]] and [[labia minora |minora]] and sometimes the head of the [[clitoris]]. The [[vulva ]] is sutured closed except for a small opening to allow for passage of [[urine ]] and menstrual blood. The procedure is sometimes called ''pharaonic circumcision''.<ref name="peete2012" />

Female infibulation is classed as Type III [[female genital mutilation ]] ([[FGM]]). <ref name="peete2012" />

   [[Category:TermCircumcision term]]