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|quote=Masturbation refers to all solo forms of self-stimulation focusing on the genitals. Masturbation practices vary widely depending upon the individual's body and personal preferences. For instance, masturbation among women may involve manipulation of the [[clitoris ]] and labia, stimulation of the breasts, or vaginal penetration with a sex toy. [...] Among men, masturbation most frequently involves using one or both hands to stimulate the penis. Of course, men sometimes utilize sex toys too (e.g., masturbation sleeves, butt-plugs, etc.).

}}</ref> Masturbation is benign and harmless. Recently a German health insurance company even recommended masturbation as a sleep aid.!<ref>{{REFweb

Masturbation is normal, natural, and healthy. It is common in both sexes and at any age. Various medical and psychological benefits have been attributed to a healthy attitude toward sexual activity in general and to masturbation in particular. No causal relationship is known between masturbation and any form of mental or physical disorder.<ref>{{REFbook

}}</ref> <ref name="link2022">{{REFweb |url=https://www.healthline.com/health/masturbation-side-effects |title=Masturbation — How Does It Affect Your Health? |last=Link |first=Rachel |init= |publisher=Healthline |date=2022-05-06 |accessdate=2022-12-17}}</ref> In the Western world, masturbation in private or with a partner is generally considered a normal and healthy part of sexual enjoyment.  Medical science has not established any limits on the quantity or frequency of masturbation. One is free to do it as much and as often as one desires. There is no minimum or maximum age for masturbation.

Masturbation to orgasm before bed is very relaxing and contributes to sleeping. Moreover, it helps to prevent prevents overfilled [[seminal vesicles]] and [[nocturnal emission| nocturnal emissions ]] (wet dreams}.Masturbation to orgasm in the morning may help a teen to get through the school day. Regular masturbation is associated with a reduction in the incidence of [[prostate cancer]].<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319536#is-there-a-link |title=Frequent ejaculation and prostate cancer risk |last=Anonymous |first= |init= |publisher=Medical News Today |date=2022-03-25 |accessdate=2023-10-23}}</ref>

How one masturbates depends on whether one has an [[intact ]], internally-lubricated , movable erogenous [[foreskin]] that [[gliding action| glides ]] up and down the shaft of the [[penis]] or whether one has been [[circumcised]] and has restricted skin mobility. Masturbation may be helpful in reducing a persistent [[erection]]. There is no minimum age for masturbation. Young adolescents may experience dry orgasms until secretion of [[semen]] commences. === Intact [[penis]] === The movable, internally-lubricated, [[Ridged band| nerve-laden]] erogenous [[foreskin]] and its [[gliding action]] is an important aid to masturbation.<ref name="kimpang2007">{{KimDS PangMG 2007}}</ref> [[Intact]] males simply use their hand to glide the [[foreskin]] back and forth. It is ''not'' necessary to retract the [[foreskin]] while masturbating. If the foreskin is of adequate length, then the [[intact]] male will usually keep it forward for additional stimulation. Keeping the head covered by the [[foreskin]] also protects the sensitive [[mucosa]] covering the [[glans penis| head]]. The motion of the foreskin stimulates the nerves ([[Meissner's corpuscles]]) in the foreskin. Use of lubrication is optional for [[intact]] males. There are many variations.<ref>{{REFweb |url=http://jackinworld.com/techniques/jackinexpert-collection/foreskin-fun |title=Foreskin Fun |last= |first= |init= |publisher=JackinWorld |date= |accessdate=2024-02-25}}</ref>

Prolonged and/or vigorous masturbation occasionally causes [[lymphoedema]] of the foreskin, which causes swelling of the [[foreskin]]. The condition is painless and harmless. It usually resolves within about 24 hours.===Intact penis=Masturbation with phimosis====[[Phimosis]] or tight [[foreskin]] generally does not create any kind of difficulty with masturbation. It is ''not'' necessary to retract the [[foreskin]] while masturbating. The outer layer of foreskin may be [[Gliding_action| glided]] without retraction. Phimosed men may pull their non-retractile [[foreskin]] away from the body. There is some anecdotal evidence that phimosed males will stimulate their [[acroposthion]] more than non-phimosed males.

The movable, internally-lubricated, Beaugé (1997) stated that adult [[Ridged band| nerve-ladenphimosis]] erogenous is caused by unusual methods of masturbation that fail to [[foreskinStretching| stretch]] and its the narrow [[gliding actionforeskin]] is an important aid of childhood. According to Beaugé, the condition may be treated by changing one's method of masturbation. Intact males simply use their hand to glide so that the foreskin is pulled back against the head of the [[penis]] causing the [[foreskin]] to stretch.<ref name="beauge1997">{{REFjournal |last=Beaugé |init=M |author-link= |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/treatment/phimosis/beauge2/ |title=The causes of adolescent phimosis. |journal=Br J Sex Med |date=1997-10 |volume= |issue= |pages=26 |accessdate=2023-06-24}}</ref>====Masturbation for intact teens====Milos (2022) advises regarding a 14-year-old [[intact]] teen:<blockquote>I am happy that you and forthyour son can talk candidly about sex. It is You can explain to him that, just as you cautioned him not necessary to forcibly retract his [[foreskin]], he needs to be careful with his foreskin when he masturbates. Here’s why: One or two millimeters under the foreskin while masturbatingpenile skin is a smooth muscle sheath called the [[dartos]] fascia. The dartos fascia covers the shaft of the [[penis]] and extends to the tip. Use The dartos fascia muscle fibers near the tip of lubrication is optional for intact malesthe foreskin form a sphincter-like structure—or a ring—that acts like a one-way valve and shields the urinary opening.

Prolonged and/or vigorous masturbation occasionally causes [[lymphoedema]] The muscle fibers of the ring will become elastic over time as your son’s foreskin loosens with the hormones of puberty and eventually fully retracts. Until then, tell your son to masturbate gently to slowly widen the opening. If he masturbates too vigorously, which causes swelling he can force the head of the foreskinpenis through the opening and tear the ring, causing bleeding as well as pain. The condition Gentleness is painless and harmlessalways important when the genitals are involved. It usually resolves within about 24 hours<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/ask-marilyn-why-is-vigorous-masturbation-painful-for-this-intact-teen/ |title=Ask Marilyn—Why Is Vigorous Masturbation Painful for this Intact Teen? |last=Milos |first= |init=MF |publisher=Intact America |date=2022-07-25 |accessdate=2024-05-04}}</ref></blockquote>

Circumcision was introduced in English-speaking nations in Victorian times (19th Nineteenth century) to unforeskin the penisphysicians falsely believed that masturbation caused many diseases, tighten the skin to make it immovableincluding epilepsy, and make it impossible so they thought of ways to masturbate. It failed to stop prevent masturbation, but it made it harder to do and less enjoyable. Kim & Pang Bauer (20071879) reported that masturbatory pleasure decreased in 48% of the respondents and increased in 8%recommended infibulation, while difficulty increased in 63% but was easier in 37%. They concluded that there was a decrease in masturbatory pleasure after circumcision.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=Bauer |init=L |url= |title=Dementia brought on by excessive self-abuse: cure by infibulation |journal=St Louis Clin Record |date=1878 |volume=4 |issue= |pages=271-3 |accessdate=2023-10-30}}</ref> <ref name="kimpang2007bauer1879">{{REFjournal |last=DaiSikBauer |init=L |author-link= |url= |title=Infibulation as a remedy for epilepsy and seminal losses |journal=St Louis Clin Record |date=1879 |volume=6 |issue= |pages=163-5 |accessdate=2023-10-30}}</ref> but circumcision was the favored treatment.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=Schultheiss |first=Kim |init=D |author-link= |last2=Mattelaer |first2=Myung |init2=JJ |author2-link= |last3=Hodges |first3= |init3=FM |author3-Geollink=Frederick M. Hodges |etal=no |last2title=PangPreputial infibulation: from ancient medicine to modern genital piercing |trans-title=The effect of male circumcision on sexuality |language=

|location= |date=2003-11 |volume=9992 |issue=37 |article= |page= |pages=619758-62263 |url=https://bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/fullabs/10.11111046/j.1464-410X.20062003.0664604490.x |archived=

|pubmedID=1715597714616462

|DOI=10.11111046/j.1464-410X410x.20062003.0664604490.x |doi= |accessdate=2023-10-30}}</ref> [[Circumcision]] was introduced in English-speaking nations in Victorian times (19th century) to un-[[foreskin]] the [[penis]], tighten the [[skin]] to make it immovable, and make it impossible for [[circumcised]] guys to masturbate.<ref name="moses1871">{{Moses1871}}</ref> It failed to stop masturbation, but it made it harder to do and less enjoyable. [[E. J. Spratling]] (1895) gave instructions on doing circumcisions to other doctors: <blockquote>In all cases [of masturbation] circumcision is undoubtedly the physicians' closest friend and ally ... To obtain the best results one must cut away enough [[skin]] and [[Mucosa| mucous membrane]] to rather put it on the stretch when erections come later. There must be no play in the [[skin]] after the wound has thoroughly healed, but it must fit tightly over the [[penis]], for should there be any play the patient will be found to readily resume his practice, not begrudging the time and extra energy required to produce the orgasm. It is true, however, that the longer it takes to have an orgasm, the less frequently it will be attempted, consequently the greater the benefit gained ... The younger the patient operated upon the more pronounced the benefit, though occasionally we find patients who were [[circumcised]] before puberty that require a resection of the [[skin]], as it has grown loose and pliant after that epoch.<ref name="spratling1895">{{REFjournal |last=Spratling |init=EJ |author-link= |url=https://www.historyofcircumcision.com/templates/pages/treating_masturbation_1895.html |title=Masturbation in the Adult |journal=Medical Record |date=20071895-09-28 |volume=48 |issue= |pages=442-033 |accessdate=20202021-11-02-18}}</ref> </blockquote> Kim & Pang (2007) reported that masturbatory pleasure decreased in 48% of the respondents and increased in 8%, while difficulty increased in 63% but was easier in 37%. They concluded that there was a decrease in masturbatory pleasure after [[circumcision]].<ref name="kimpang2007" /> Looking at male masturbation in erotic videos, it is noticeable that a [[penis]] without a [[foreskin]] is often stimulated by hand as if a [[foreskin]] were present. Even without a [[foreskin]], the hand is pushed back and forth along the [[Shaft skin|shaft]] of the [[penis]], perhaps to simulate the stimulating movement of the (non-existent) [[foreskin]] over the [[glans]].

[[Circumcised ]] males found that they could still masturbate practice [[masturbation]], if they used lubrication to overcome the handicap of being [[circumcised]]. <ref name="spratling1895" /> Most, but not all, [[circumcised ]] males need lubrication to avoid friction irritation. <ref>{{REFweb |url=http://www.jackinworld.com/techniques/the-basics/lubrication |title=Lubrication |last= |first= |date= |accessdate=2022-04-24}}</ref> Some [[circumcised ]] males who have a loose cut and some [[gliding action]] find it is enough for masturbation without lubrication.

<b>''Substances with harsh or irritant chemicals should not be used for lubrication.''</b><ref>{{REFweb |url=http://www.jackinworld.com/questions-answered/troubleshooting-faq/male-masturbation-semen-or-ejaculation/lubes/what-kinds-lubr-0 |title=What kinds of lubrication do you not recommend? |last= |first= |date= |accessdate=2022-04-24}}</ref>

One may use various personal lubricants that are sold for sexual lubrication <ref>{{REFweb |url=http://www.jackinworld.com/questions-answered/troubleshooting-faq/male-masturbation-semen-or-ejaculation/lubes/what-kinds-lubri |title=What kinds of lubrication do you recommend? |last= |first= |date= |accessdate=2022-04-24}}</ref> or one may use such substances as baby oil, coconut oil, other vegetables vegetable oils, and or saliva. Saliva dries rapidly so it must be replenished frequently, but it is always available.====Death grip masturbation====[[Circumcision]] excises about 15-square-inches of highly-innervated erogenous tissue<ref name="winklemann1959">{{WinkelmannRK 1959}}</ref> from the [[penis]], reduces or eliminates the [[gliding action]], and severely reduces [[Foreskin sensitivity| penile sensation]].<ref name="taylor1996">{{TaylorJR LockwoodAP TaylorAJ 1996}}</ref> [[Circumcised]] men, with their desensitized [[penis]], in an attempt to restore lost sensation, are more likely to try using a very tight grip when they masturbate. This technique is referred to by the slang term ''death grip masturbation''. Practitioners of death grip masturbation may do better by using lubrication and a lighter grip.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://www.menshealth.com/sex-women/a27044367/death-grip-masturbation/ |title=Are You Using a 'Death Grip' During Masturbation? It Could Be Messing With Your Sex Life |last=Engle |first=Gigi |init= |publisher=Men's Health |date=2019-04-04 |accessdate=2023-08-13}}</ref> <ref>{{REFweb |url=https://www.forhims.com/blog/death-grip-syndrome |title=Death Grip Syndrome: What It Is & How to Treat It |last=Hagerty |first=Katelyn |init= |publisher=hims |date=2023-07-27 |accessdate=2023-08-13}}</ref> For the longer term, non-surgical [[foreskin restoration]] may help to improve sensation.<ref>{{REFbook |last=Bigelow, Ph.D |first=Jim |init= |author-link=Jim Bigelow |year=1995 |title=The Joy of Uncircumcising |url= |work= |editor= |edition=Second Edition |volume= |chapter=Why Men Today Want to Uncircumcise |scope= |page= |pages=113-4 |location=Aptos |publisher=Hourglass |ISBN=0-934061-22-X |quote= |accessdate=2023-08-13 |note=}}</ref>

Men The presence of the [[foreskin]], with its high degree of [[Foreskin sensitivity| sensitivity]] and easy [[gliding action]], eliminates any need or desire for death grip masturbation among [[intact]] men. ===Restored penis===[[Circumcision]] (foreskin amputation) was promoted in the nineteenth century to stop masturbation.<ref name="bigelow1995">{{REFbook |last=Bigelow |first=Jim |author-link=Jim Bigelow |year=1995 |title=The Joy of Uncircumcising!: Exploring Circumcision: History, Myths, Psychology, Restoration, Sexual Pleasure, and Human Rights |url=https://www.amazon.com/Joy-Uncircumcising-Circumcision-Psychology-Restoration/dp/093406122X |editor= |edition=2 |volume= |chapter=America's 100-year Infatuation with Circumcision |page=70 |location= |publisher=Hourglass Book Publishing |isbn=978-0934061223}}</ref> It follows that restoration of the [[foreskin]] would facilitate and improve masturbation. Many men who have practiced non-surgical practice [[foreskin restoration]] usually report that an improvement in their masturbation experience with their restored [[penis]] as compared with their previous [[circumcised]] penis. Notably, they no longer need lubrication because of the typically report an improvement in [[gliding action]], in [[Foreskin sensitivity| sensation]], and a reduction or elimination of the need for lubrication.

In human sexuality, the refractory period is usually the recovery phase after orgasm during which it is physiologically impossible for a man to have additional orgasms. This phase begins immediately after [[ejaculation ]] and lasts until the excitement phase of the human sexual response cycle begins anew with low level response.

* {{REFweb* [ |url=http://web.archive.org/web/20200824042005/https://www.reddit.com/r/masturbationquestions/wiki/howmale |archived=yes |title=How to masturbate with a penis] |last= |first= |accessdate=2021-07-20}}

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