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'''Oedema''', also known as '''edema''' in the United States, or more properly '''lymphoedema''' , "is caused by the capilliary blood vessels passing out water into the surrounding tissues, and so increasing the intercellular fluid content.<ref>The Free Dictionary. q.v. [https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oedema Oedema].</ref> It manifests itself as a swelling of the penis after circumcision.<ref name="williams1993">{{REFjournal
|last=Williams
|first=
|init=N
|author-link=
|last2=Kapilla
|first2=Leela
|etal=no
|title=Complications of circumcision
|DOI=10.1002/bjs.1800801005
|accessdate=2022-01-08
}}</ref> It is believed to be more common after [[adolescent and adult circumcision]] than after [[circumcision]] of the newborn.
Circumcision severs certain veins that return blood to the heart. When return of the blood to the heart is impaired, then lymph builds up in the penis, and results in [[lymphoedema]]. It can take months for new lymph pathways to form so that the lymph can flow out of the penis.