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Pain
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Surgical operation on infants without anesthesia continued for well over a century, at least until 1987, when the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] was forced to issue a CYA statement that called for the use of anesthesia.<refname="poland1987">{{REFjournal
|last=Poland
|first=Ronald L.
}}</ref>
The standard of care now requires analgesia if elective neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision is to be carried out. <ref name="poland1987" /> <ref name="aap1999">{{REFjournal |last=Lannon |init=CM |first=Carole M. |author-link= |last2=Bailey |init2=AGD |first2=Ann Geryl Doll |author2-link= |last3=Fleischman |init3=AR |first3=Alan R. |author3-link= |last4=Kaplan |init4=G |first4=George |author4-link= |etal=yes |title=Circumcision policy statement |trans-title= |language=English |journal=Pediatrics |location= |date=1999-09 |volume=103 |issue=3 |pages=687-93 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/statements/aap1999/ |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=22926180 |pubmedCID= |DOI=10.1016/j.juro.2013.06.094 |accessdate=2020-11-19}}</ref>
<b>However, none of the above three procedures totally eliminate pain. A baby boy will still experience some pain despite any of those analgesic procedures. Prevention of pain requires protecting a boy from elective neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision. Only boys who are protected from the medically unnecessary circumcision surgery experience no pain or trauma.</b>
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The [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] convened a new task force on circumcision under the chair of Carole M. Lannon, M. D. That task force reversed the position previously taken under [[Edgar J. Schoen]]. It clearly stated that non-therapeutic infant circumcision is "not essential to the child’s current well-being." It provided an extensive discussion of procedural analgesia and said, quite strongly, that, if a circumcision is done, procedural analgesia should be provided.<ref>{{REFjournal |lastname=Lannon |init=CM |first=Carole M. |author-link= |last2=Bailey |init2=AGD |first2=Ann Geryl Doll |author2-link= |last3=Fleischman |init3=AR |first3=Alan R. |author3-link= |last4=Kaplan |init4=G |first4=George |author4-link= |etal=yes |title=Circumcision policy statement |trans-title= |language=English |journal=Pediatrics |location= |date=1999-09 |volume=103 |issue=3 |pages=687-93 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/statements/"aap1999" / |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=22926180 |pubmedCID= |DOI=10.1016/j.juro.2013.06.094 |accessdate=2020-11-19}}</ref>
Kraft (2003) reported that "many health care practitioners routinely perform this procedure without the use of any or with inadequate or ineffective analgesia and anesthesia."<ref name="kraft2003">{{REFjournal