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→Child circumcision as a traumatizing event: Add symptoms section.
|DOI=10.1016/j.amsu.2019.04.004
|accessdate=2020-11-28
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==Symptoms and signs of PTSD==
===Re-experiencing Symptoms===
Re-experiencing is the most typical symptom of PTSD & C-PTSD. This is when a person involuntarily and vividly relives the traumatic event.
* Flashbacks—reliving the traumatic event, and feeling like it happening right now including physical symptoms such as a racing heart or sweating.
* Reoccurring memories or nightmares related to the event.
* Distressing and intrusive thoughts or images.
* Physical sensations like sweating, trembling, pain or feeling sick.
Thoughts and feelings can trigger these symptoms, as well as words, objects, or situations that are reminders of the event.
===Alertness and Reactivity Symptoms===
You may be ‘jittery’, or always alert and on the lookout for danger. You might suddenly become angry or irritable.
* Being jumpy and easily startled.
* Feeling tense, on guard, or “on edge” – this is called hypervigilance.
* Having difficulty concentrating on even simple and everyday tasks.
* Having difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep.
* Feeling irritable and having angry or aggressive outbursts.
* Self-destructive or reckless behaviour.
* Aversion or difficulty in tolerating sound.
===Avoidance Symptoms===
Trying to avoid being reminded of the traumatic event is another key symptom of PTSD & C-PTSD: avoiding certain people or places that remind you of the trauma, or avoiding talking to anyone about your experience.
* Staying away from places, events, or objects that are reminders of the experience.
* Feeling that you need to keep yourself busy all the time.
* Using alcohol or drugs to avoid memories.
* Feeling emotionally numb or cut off from your feelings.
* Feeling numb or detached from your body.
* Being unable to remember details of the trauma.
Avoidance symptoms may cause people to change their routines.
===Feeling and mood symptoms===
The way you think about yourself and others may change because of the trauma.
* Trouble remembering key features of the traumatic event.
* Feeling like you can’t trust anyone.
* Distorted thoughts about the trauma that cause feelings of blame and guilt.
* Overwhelming negative emotions, such as fear, sadness, anger, guilt, or shame.
* Loss of interest in previous activities.
* Feeling like nowhere is safe.
* Difficulty feeling positive emotions, such as happiness or satisfaction.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.ptsduk.org/what-is-ptsd/symptoms-of-ptsd/
|archived=
|title=PTSD-UK
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|website=https://www.ptsduk.org
|date=2021
|accessdate=2021-08-12
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|quote=When we feel stressed emotionally, our bodies release hormones called cortisol and adrenaline. This is the body’s automatic way of preparing to respond to a threat, sometimes called the ‘fight, flight or freeze‘ response.
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