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The ''European Convention on Human Rights'' (''ECHR'') (formally the ''Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms'') is an international convention to protect [[human rights]] and political freedoms in Europe. Drafted in 1950 by the then newly formed Council of Europe,<ref>The Council of Europe should not be confused with the Council of the European Union or the European Council.</ref> the convention entered into force on 3 September 1953. All Council of Europe member states are party parties to the Convention and new members are expected to ratify the convention at the earliest opportunity. ===European Convention on Human Rights=== The European Convention on Human Rights provides legal recognition of various human rights in the nations which are state-parties to the convention. The list of human rights is similar to but not identical to that provided by the United Nations.<ref name="iccpr1967">{{REFdocument |title=International Covenant on Civil and Political Right |url=https://treaties.un.org/doc/Treaties/1976/03/19760323%2006-17%20AM/Ch_IV_04.pdf |contribution= |last= |first= |publisher=United Nations |format=PDF |date=1967 |accessdate=2020-10-03}}</ref> The list of human rights have been revised several times since its inception in 1950 by the publication of "protocols". Original 1950 version: * {{REFdocument |title=Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and Protocol |url=https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Collection_Convention_1950_ENG.pdf |contribution= |last= |first= |publisher=Council of Europe |format=PDF |date=1950-11-04 |accessdate=2020-10-03}} ECHR as amended: * {{REFdocument |title=European Convention on Human Rights |url=https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Convention_ENG.pdf |contribution= |last= |first= |publisher=Council of Europe |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2020-10-03}} ===European Court of Human Rights===

==Resolution 1952Protection of physical integrity of boys==

The resolution calls on all member States to "''examine the prevalence of different categories of non-medically justified operations and interventions impacting on the physical integrity of children in their respective countries, as well as the specific practices related to them, and to carefully consider them in light of the best interests of the child in order to define specific lines of action for each of them;initiate focused awareness-raising measures for each of these categories of violation of the physical integrity of children, to be carried out in the specific contexts where information may best be conveyed to families, such as the medical sector (hospitals and individual practitioners), schools, religious communities or service providers; [...].''" This first resolution of its kind by a European institution is not legally binding, but an important signal for further debate and action. It shifts the approach of the point of view of the topic from the current medical domain towards a human rights approach and identifies the right to bodily integrity, autonomy and self-determination. It calls the for the end of non-therapeutic cosmetic medical and surgical interventions. ===Recommendation 2023=== The Parliamentary Assembly issued a recommendation the Committee of Ministers to:<blockquote>4.1. take fully into account the issue of children’s right to physical integrity when preparing and adopting its new strategy for the rights of the child as of 2015, in particular as regards the fight against all forms of violence against children and the promotion of child participation in decisions concerning them; 4.2. consider the explicit inclusion of children's right to physical integrity, as well as their right to participate in any decision concerning them, into relevant Council of Europe standards and,to this end,to examine in a comprehensive manner in which Council of Europe instruments such rights should be included.<ref name="resolution2023">{{REFdocument |title=Children’s right to physical integrity |url=http://semantic-pace.net/tools/pdf.aspx?doc=aHR0cDovL2Fzc2VtYmx5LmNvZS5pbnQvbncveG1sL1hSZWYvWDJILURXLWV4dHIuYXNwP2ZpbGVpZD0yMDE3NiZsYW5nPUVO&xsl=aHR0cDovL2Fzc2VtYmx5LmNvZS5pbnQvbncveG1sL3hzbC1mby9QZGYvWFJlZi1XRC1BVC1YTUwyUERGLnhzbA==&xsltparams=ZmlsZWlkPTIwMTc2 |contribution= |last= |first= |publisher=Parliamentary Assembly |format=PDF |date=2013-10-01 |accessdate=2020-10-03}}</ref></blockquote> ==Video== Inside the Council of Europe narrated by David Cameron: