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==Population-based studies==
September 2021 saw the publication of two huge population == Population-based studies on the relationship of [[circumcision]] and HIV infection:=={{Population-based studies}}
# Mayan et al. (2021) carried out a massive empirical study of the male population of the province of Ontario, [[Canada]] (569,950 males), of whom 203,588 (35.7%) were [[circumcised]] between 1991 and 2017. The study concluded that circumcision status is not related to risk of HIV infection.<ref name="mayan2021">{{REFjournal
|last=Mayan
|first=Madhur
|init=M
|author-link=
|last2=Hamilton
|first2=Robert J.
|init2=RJ
|author2-link=
|last3=Juurlink
|first3=David N.
|init3=DN
|author3-link=
|last4=Austin
|first4=Peter C.
|init4=PC
|author4-link=
|last5=Jarvi
|first5=Keith A.
|init5=KA
|author5-link=
|etal=no
|title=Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada
|journal=J Urol
|date=2021-09-23
|url=https://www.auajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1097/JU.0000000000002234
|quote=We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada.
|pubmedID=34551593
|DOI=10.1097/JU.0000000000002234
|accessdate=2021-10-02
}}</ref>
# [[Morten Frisch]] & Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in [[Denmark]] of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that [[circumcised]] men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than [[intact]] men.<ref name="frisch2021">{{FrischM SimonsenJ 2021}}</ref>
No association between lack of circumcision and risk of HIV infection was found by either study.
[[Category:USA]]
Add category; Wikify.
|}
'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is a North American circumcision proponent and biased researcher looking for justifications to roll-out mass [[circumcision ]] programs around the world. He headed one of the three {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s being used by the [[WHO]] to endorse circumcision as [[HIV]] prevention.<ref>{{REFweb
|last=WHO (World Health Organization)
|title=Information Package on Male Circumcision and HIV Prevention (Insert 1)
|date=2008-11-05
|accessdate=2020-03-26
}}</ref> At [[Rakai Project|their clinic]], a music video promoting [[circumcision ]] plays continuously.<ref>{{REFweb
|last=JohnsHopkinsSPH
|first=
== Ronald Gray's RCT ==
Of the three {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s being used by the [[WHO ]] to promote circumcision as [[HIV]] prevention, Gray supervised the {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}} that was carried out in Uganda.<ref>{{RCT Gray et al 2007}}</ref> Two other {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s were supervised by [[Robert C. Bailey]] and [[Bertran Auvert]] respectively. All three {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s were funded by the American [[National Institutes of Health]].<ref name='DOC 2008'>{{REFweb
|quote=...funding from the United States National Institutes of Health to conduct randomized controlled trials ({{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s) in Africa.
|last=
}}</ref> and again in 2011,<ref name="Morris-Cancer"/> Gray published studies with [[Brian J. Morris]].
The three RCTs that purport to show that [[circumcision ]] reduces [[HIV]] infection have been completely discredited. Boyle & Hill (2011) reviewed the three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and found disabling methodological and statistical errors in all three. Although a 60 percent ''relative'' reduction in [[HIV]] was claimed, the ''absolute'' reduction was a statistically insignificant 1.3 percent.<ref name="boyle-hill2011">{{BoyleGJ HillG 2011}}</ref> [[Michel Garenne|Garenne]] & Matthews (2019) report that [[circumcised ]] men have as much [[HIV]] infection as [[intact ]] men.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Garenne
|init=M
|ref=<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/30/weekinreview/30rabin.html?_r=0 N.Y. Times, The Latest Fight Over Foreskin, (8/29/2009).]</ref>
}}
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Bias]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gray, Ronald H.}}
[[Category:Person]]
[[Category:Male]]
[[Category:Promoter]]
[[Category:Circumcision fetishist]]
[[Category:Researcher]]
[[Category:Author]]
[[Category:Circumcision in Africa]]
[[Category:Circumcision in AfricaUSA]]
[[Category:From CircLeaks]]