Changes

'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is a North American circumcision proponent and biased researcher looking for justifications to roll-out mass [[circumcision ]] programs around the world. He headed one of the three {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s being used by the [[WHO]] to endorse circumcision as [[HIV]] prevention.<ref>{{REFweb

}}</ref> At [[Rakai Project|their clinic]], a music video promoting [[circumcision ]] plays continuously.<ref>{{REFweb

Of the three {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s being used by the [[WHO ]] to promote circumcision as [[HIV]] prevention, Gray supervised the {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}} that was carried out in Uganda.<ref>{{RCT Gray et al 2007}}</ref> Two other {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s were supervised by [[Robert C. Bailey]] and [[Bertran Auvert]] respectively. All three {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s were funded by the American [[National Institutes of Health]].<ref name='DOC 2008'>{{REFweb

The three RCTs that purport to show that [[circumcision ]] reduces [[HIV]] infection have been completely discredited. Boyle & Hill (2011) reviewed the three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and found disabling methodological and statistical errors in all three. Although a 60 percent ''relative'' reduction in [[HIV]] was claimed, the ''absolute'' reduction was a statistically insignificant 1.3 percent.<ref name="boyle-hill2011">{{BoyleGJ HillG 2011}}</ref> [[Michel Garenne|Garenne]] & Matthews (2019) report that [[circumcised ]] men have as much [[HIV]] infection as [[intact ]] men.<ref>{{REFjournal

September 2021 saw the publication of two huge population studies on the relationship of [[circumcision]] and HIV infection: # Mayan et al. (2021) carried out a massive empirical study of the male population of the province of Ontario, [[Canada]] (569,950 males), of whom 203,588 (35.7%) were [[circumcised]] between 1991 and 2017. The study concluded that circumcision status is not related to risk of HIV infection.<ref name="mayan2021">{{REFjournal |last=Mayan |first=Madhur |init=M |authorPopulation-link= |last2=Hamilton |first2based studies =Robert J. |init2=RJ |author2-link= |last3=Juurlink |first3=David N. |init3=DN |author3-link= |last4=Austin |first4=Peter C. |init4=PC |author4-link= |last5=Jarvi |first5=Keith A. |init5=KA |author5-link= |etal=no |title=Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada |journal=J Urol |date=2021-09-23 |url=https://www.auajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1097/JU.0000000000002234 |quote=We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada. |pubmedID=34551593 |DOI=10.1097/JU.0000000000002234 |accessdate=2021-10-02}}</ref># [[Morten Frisch]] & Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in [[Denmark]] of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that [[circumcised]] men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than [[intact]] men.<ref name="frisch2021">{{FrischM SimonsenJ 2021Population-based studies}}</ref> No association between lack of circumcision and risk of HIV infection was found by either study.