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'''Synechia''' is the medical name for an adhesion between body parts in any area of the body that are not normally adherent . The plural is '''synechiae'''. The word comes to us from Greek(συνέχεια).<ref>{{REFweb

There are some synechiae that are natural. Baby boys are born with the inner [[foreskin ]] fused with the [[glans penis ]] by a synechial membrane that is common to both parts.,<refname="deibart1933">{{REFjournal

|firstinit=GA |author-link= |coauthors=

|date=1933-11

}}</ref> which is called the ''balanopreputial lamina''.

[[Jakob Øster | Øster]] (1968) was a school physician in [[Denmark ]] where boys are not usually [[circumcised]]. Øster conducted regular examinations of school boys from age 6 through age 17 and recorded his results. Øster reported that 63% of 6-7 year old boys; 48% of 10-11 year old boys; and 3% of 16-17 year old boys had a prepuce that was not fully separated.<refname="Øster1968">{{REFjournal

|author-link= |coauthorsinit=J

}}</ref> The separation and breakdown and the synechia is natural, normal, spontaneous, and requires no special care. Thorvaldsen & Meyhoff (2005) report about 50 percent of boys can retract their [[foreskin ]] by age 10.4, thus confirming Øster's report.<refname-"thorvaldsen2005">{{REFjournal

|firstinit=MA |author-linklast2=Meyhoff |coauthorsinit2=Meyhoff HH

When as an infant boy is to be [[circumcised]], as remains common a practice in the [[United States]], in preparation for the [[circumcision]], the preputial synechia must first be broken forcibly separated by passing a blunt probe under the foreskin in an intensely [[Pain| painful ]] procedure. ==Premature forcible foreskin retraction== Premature forcible foreskin retraction (PFFR) of a boy's [[foreskin]] will rip the boy's synechia apart and cause severe pain and injury to the boys.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=Narvaez |init=DF |last2=Geisheker |init2=J |author2-link=John Geisheker |title=What Is the Greatest Danger for an Uncircumcised Boy? |journal=Psychology Today |date=2011-10-23 |volume= |issue= |pages= |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/moral-landscapes/201110/what-is-the-greatest-danger-uncircumcised-boy |quote= |pubmedID= |pubmedCID= |DOI= |accessdate=2019-10-08}}</ref> <ref>{{REFjournal |last=Narvaez |init=DF |last2=Geisheker |init2=J |author2-link=John Geisheker |title=Doctor Ignorance of Male Anatomy Harms Boys |journal=Psychology Today |date=2011-10-30 |volume= |issue= |pages= |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/moral-landscapes/201110/doctor-ignorance-male-anatomy-harms-boys |quote= |pubmedID= |pubmedCID= |DOI= |accessdate=2019-10-08}}</ref> Unfortunately, many American physicians are ignorant of normal penile anatomy and cause severe pain and grave injury to boys whom they examine in their practice. The first person to retract a boy's [[foreskin]] should be the boy himself.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=Wright |init=JE |title= Further to the "Further Fate of the Foreskin." |journal=Med J Aust |date=1994 |volume=160 |issue= |pages=134-5 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/normal/wright2/ |quote= |pubmedID=8295581 |pubmedCID= |DOI= |accessdate=2019-10-08}}</ref> [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]] offers information and aid to parents of boys who have been injured and/or traumatized by PFFR.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/for-parents/help-with-forcible-foreskin-retraction/ |title=Wrongful Foreskin Retraction |last= |first= |publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]] |website= |date=2016-04-01 |accessdate=2019-10-09 |format= |quote=}}</ref> ==Spontaneous disintegration of the synechia== The synechia spontaneously disintegrates to release the [[foreskin]].<ref name="deibart1933" /> The disintegration usually occurs in childhood but will persist into adolescence in a few cases. Some [[intact]] boys will report pain when they urinate during the period in which separation is occurring. The condition is temporary and will end when separation is complete.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/penis_and_foreskin_care/#foreskin-separation |title=Foreskin separation |last= |first= |init= |publisher=The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne |date=2018-02 |accessdate=2023-08-15}}</ref> {{SEEALSO}}* [[Retraction of the foreskin]]* [[Phimosis]]* [[Uncircumcised]] {{LINKS}}* {{REFdocument |title=Answers to Your Questions About Premature (Forcible) Retraction of Your Young Son's Foreskin |url=http://www.nocirc.org/publish/6pam.pdf |contribution= |last=Milos |first=Marilyn |author-link=Marilyn Fayre Milos |publisher=National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers |format=Pamphlet |date=2007-09-01 |accessdate=2019-10-09}} * {{REFdocument |title=Freeing of Preputial (Foreskin) Adhesions |url=https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Patients/Leaflets/Preputial%20adhesions.pdf |contribution= |last= |first= |publisher=British Association of Urological Surgeons(BAUS) |format=PDF |date=2017-06 |accessdate=2021-03-03}}