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The '''vagina''' is the elastic, muscular part of the female genital tract. It extends from the [[vulva]] to the [[cervix]]. The outer vaginal opening is normally partly covered by a membrane called the hymen. At the deep end, the [[cervix ]] (neck of the [[uterus]]) bulges into the vagina. The vagina is lined with mucosal tissue. The vagina is moisturized and lubricated by Bartholin's glands.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Bartholin%27s+glands |title=Bartholin's glands |last= |first= |init= |publisher=The Free Dictionary by Farlex |date=2005 |accessdate=2023-01-09}}</ref> The vagina allows for sexual intercourse and birth. The vagina receives the [[penis]] during sexual intercourse. To accommodate smoother penetration of the vagina during sexual intercourse or other sexual activity, vaginal moisture increases during sexual arousal in human females. This increase in moisture provides vaginal lubrication, which reduces friction. The texture of the vaginal walls creates friction for the penis during sexual intercourse and stimulates it toward [[ejaculation]], enabling fertilization.==History==Knowledge of the overwhelming superiority of the [[intact]], [[foreskinned]] [[penis]] over the [[circumcised]] penis in assuring the pleasure and orgasm of the female partner is of long standing. Rabbi Isaac ben Yedaiah, who lived in Southern France in the late 13th century, wrote effusively of the pleasures that the [[foreskin]] provided to the woman. Marc Saperstein (1980) provided a translation:<blockquote>A man uncircumcised in the flesh desires to lie with a beautiful-looking woman who speaks seductively to attract him. He vexes his mind to be with her day after day, growing weary in his attempt to fulfil his desire through lovemaking with her.

The vagina receives She too will court the [[penis]] during sexual man who is uncircumcised in the flesh and lie against his breast with great passion, for he thrusts inside her a long time because of his foreskin, which is a barrier against ejaculation in intercourse. To accommodate smoother penetration Thus she feels pleasure and reaches an orgasm first. When an uncircumcised man sleeps with her, and then resolves to return to his home, she brazenly grabs him, holding on to his genitals and says to him, "Come back, make love to me." This is because of the vagina during sexual pleasure that she finds in intercourse or other sexual activitywith him, vaginal moisture increases during sexual arousal in human femalesfrom the sinews of his testicles—sinew of iron—and from his ejaculation—that of a horse which he shoots like an arrow into her womb. This increase They are united without separating, and he makes love twice and three times in moisture provides vaginal lubricationone night, which reduces frictionyet the appetite is not filled.<ref>{{REFweb |url=http://www.cirp. The texture of org/library/cultural/yedaiah1/ |title=Decoding the vaginal walls creates friction for Rabbis: A Thirteenth-Century Commentary on the penis during sexual intercourse and stimulates it toward ejaculation, enabling fertilization.Aggadah |last=Saperstein |first=Marc |init= |publisher=Harvard University Press |date=1980 |accessdate=2023-03-07}}</ref></blockquote>

Warren & Bigelow (1994) reported the [[foreskin]] "provides slack [[shaft skin|skin on the shaft]] of the erect penis allowing it to [[Gliding action| glide]] within its own sheath of [[skin]] during intercourse, one effect of which is to conserve vaginal lubrication. This The gliding of the foreskin eases penetration<ref name="taves2002">{{REFjournal |last=Taves |init=D |author-link= |title=The intromission function of the foreskin |journal=Med Hypotheses |date=2002 |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=180 |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987702002505 |quote= |pubmedID=12208206 |pubmedCID= |DOI=10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00250-5 |accessdate=2023-06-18}}</ref> and provides for more enjoyable intercourse for both partners and avoids problems with vaginal dryness."<ref name="warren1994">{{REFjournal

O'Hara & O'Hara (1999) obtained surveys from 139 sexually experienced women. One survey was excluded. Of the 138 women included in the survey, 118 (85%} preferred their male partner to have a complete [[penis]].<ref name="ohara1999">{{REFjournal

|url=https://www.i2researchhubcirp.org/wp-contentlibrary/uploadsanatomy/storageohara/U3SR6H9A/The%20effect%20of%20male%20circumcision%20on%20the%20sexual%20enjoyment%20of%20the%20female%20partner.pdf

When the anatomically complete [[penis ]] thrusts in the vagina, it does not slide, but rather glides on its own 'bedding' of movable [[skin]], in much the same way that a turtle's neck glides in and out of the folder layers of [[skin]] surrounding it. The underlying corpus cavernosa and corpus spongiosum slide within the penile [[penile skin]], while the [[skin]] juxtaposed agaist the vaginal wall moves very little. This sheath-within-a-sheath alignment allows penile movement, and vaginal and penile stimulation, with minimal friction or loss of secretions. When the penile shaft is withdrawn slightly from the vagina, the [[foreskin ]] bunches up behind the corona in a manner that allows the tip of the [[foreskin ]] which contains the highest density of fine-touch neuroreceptors in the [[penis ]] to contact the corona of the [[glans ]] which has the highest concentration of fine-touch receptors on the glans. This intense stimulation discourages the penile shaft from further withdrawal, explaining the short thrusting style that women noted in their unaltered partners.<ref name="ohara1999" />

As stated, circumcision removes 33-50% of the penile [[penile skin]]. With this [[skin]] missing, there is less tissue for the swollen corpus cavernosa and corpus spongiosum to slide against. Instead the [[skin]] of the [[circumcised ]] penis rubs against the vaginal wall, increasing friction, abrasion and the need for artificial lubrication. Because of the tight penile [[penile skin]], the corona of the glans, which is configured as a one-way valve pulls the vaginal secretions from the vagina when the shaft is withdrawn.<ref name="ohara1999" />

=== Female Sexual Arousal Disorder === Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD) occurs when a woman is continually unable to attain or maintain arousal and lubrication during intercourse, is unable to reach orgasm, or has no desire for sexual intercourse. FSAD occurs in up to 25 percent of American women.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Female+sexual+arousal+disorder |title=Female sexual arousal disorder |last=Anonymous |first= |init= |publisher=The Free Dictionary by Farley |date=2009 |accessdate=2023-12-18}}</ref> Peter Moore (2015) reported that 62 percent of all American males reported being [[circumcised]],<ref name="moore2015">{{REFweb |url=https://today.yougov.com/topics/lifestyle/articles-reports/2015/02/03/younger-americans-circumcision |title=Young Americans less supportive of circumcision at birth |last=Moore |first=Peter |date=2015-02-03 |accessdate=2022-02-07}}</ref>Bensley & Boyle (2003) suggested that the [[circumcision]] of the male partner and the loss of vaginal lubrication may be a factor in the diagnosis of female arousal disorder.<ref name="bensley2003">{{REFjournal

* [[Penis]]* [[Pre-ejaculate]]* [[Sexual effects of circumcision]]<!--* [[The Female Reproductive System]]-->