Changes

}}</ref>, M.D.{{MD}}, P.C., M.A.C.P. , a graduate of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, is a practicing physician, medical scholar, medical educator, author, TV producer and host. He has published several books and made several discoveries. In August 1986, Dr. Valiere Alcena was the first physician in the world to be credited as the physician who originated the idea that male [[circumcision ]] would decrease the incidence of [[HIV]]/[[AIDS.]],<ref>{{REFjournal

}}</ref> although he had no evidence to support his speculation.  He repeated this idea in two books that were published in 1992, "''The Status of Health of Blacks in the United States of America: A Perspective for Improvement" Improvemenn'' and "''The African American Health Book" '' and again in "AIDS: The Expanding Epidemic: What the Public Needs to Know: A Multi-Cultural Overview" , published in 1994.<ref>{{REFjournal

In 1986, California urologist [[Aaron J. Fink]], ({{LifeData|1926-|1994}}) adopted this idea,<ref>{{REFbook

|first=LeonardB. |init=LB

|location=New York, New YorkNY |publisher={{UNI|Oxford University |Oxon}} Press

|Title=[[AIDS ]] in third world countries |Text=It is my opinion that because the maof men from Central Africa and Haiti are not [[circumcised]], they constantly develop [[balanitis ]] as a result of the heat and other problems, leading to breakage oi of the [[skin]]. This leads to chronic infections such as [[phimosis ]] and [[paraphimosis]]. ln this setting, there is frequent mini-ulceration of the [[foreskin ]] of the [[penis]]. This represents an easy portal of entry for the virus during coitus with, let us say, an infected prostitute. Another possibility arises because the women in that part of the world do not shave the pubis. Thus there is the possibility of mini-lacerations occurring during coitus as the foreskin comes into contact with pubic hair. This is another possible portal of entry for the virus. This, to me, seems a more plausible explanation for female-to-male transmission in Central Africa and Haiti.