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|DOI=10.1136/bmj.2.4057.729
|accessdate=2023-03-26
}}</ref> and in providing adequate nutrition to children in poor families.,<ref name="spence1940">{{REFjournal
|last=Spence
|first=
|date=1940-07-20
|season=
|volume= |issue=4159
|article=
|page=
|pages=93-5
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2178990/pdf/brmedj04102-0023.pdf
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=20783212 |pubmedCID=2178990 |DOI=10.1136/bmj.2.4150.93 |accessdate=2023-03-26}}</ref>as the British nation entered World War II and shortages of food multiplied.
[[Douglas Gairdner]] joined him in 1945 as his first assistant and stayed until 1948 during which time Spence served as a mentor to the younger Gairdner. Spence urged Gairdner to write a review of infant [[circumcision]], which was published in the ''British Medical Journal'' on Christmas Eve, 1949.<ref name="fate1949">{{GairdnerDM 1949}}</ref>