Ring block: Difference between revisions
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'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is the name of a nerve blocking local anesthesia procedure that is used to reduce the [[pain]] of non-therapeutic neonatal [[circumcision]]. | |||
'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is a nerve blocking local anesthesia procedure that is used to reduce the [[pain]] of non-therapeutic neonatal [[circumcision]]. | |||
Ring block was proposed by Broadman et al. (1987) to reduce, not eliminate, the [[pain]] if a boy is to be [[circumcised]]. Broadman et al. also proposed the use of low-dose intravenous fentanyl for post-operative pain relief.<ref name="broadman1987">{{REFjournal | |||
|last=Broadman | |||
|first= | |||
|init=LM | |||
|author-link= | |||
|last2=Hannallah | |||
|first2= | |||
|init2=RS | |||
|author2-link= | |||
|last3=Belman, | |||
|first3= | |||
|init3=AB | |||
|author3-link= | |||
|last4=Elder | |||
|first4= | |||
|init4=PT | |||
|author4-link= | |||
|last5=Ruttimann, | |||
|first5= | |||
|init5=U | |||
|author5-link= | |||
|last6=Epstein | |||
|first6= | |||
|init6=BS | |||
|author6-link= | |||
|etal=ne | |||
|title=Post-circumcision analgesia—a prospective evaluation of subcutaneous ring block of the penis | |||
|trans-title= | |||
|journal=Anesthesiology | |||
|location= | |||
|date=1987-09 | |||
|volume=67 | |||
|issue=3 | |||
|pages=399-402 | |||
|url=https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article/67/3/399/118178/Post-circumcision-Analgesia-A-Prospective | |||
|archived= | |||
|quote= | |||
|pubmedID=3307533 | |||
|pubmedCID= | |||
|DOI=10.1097/00000542-198709000-00019 | |||
|format=PDF | |||
|accessdate=2023-11-25 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
Ring block is considered to be more effective than [[dorsal penile nerve block]] or [[EMLA]] cream.<ref name="lander1997">{{LanderJ etal 1997}}</ref> | |||
{{Box|Boxtext=<big><b>This procedure does NOT totally eliminate [[pain]]. A baby boy will still experience some [[pain]] and [[trauma]] with this analgesic procedure. Prevention of pain requires protecting a boy from elective neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision. Only boys who are protected from the medically unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcision surgery experience no [[pain]] or [[trauma]].</b></big>}} | |||
The [[penis]] is innervated by both dorsal and perineal nerves,<ref name="cepeda2023">{{REFjournal | |||
|last=Cepeda-Emiliani | |||
|first= | |||
|init=A | |||
|author-link=Alfonso Cepeda-Emiliani | |||
|last2=Gándara-Cortés | |||
|first2= | |||
|init2=M | |||
|author2-link= | |||
|last3=Otero-Alén | |||
|first3= | |||
|init3=M | |||
|author3-link= | |||
|last4=García | |||
|first4= | |||
|init4=H | |||
|author4-link= | |||
|last5=Suárez-Quintanilla | |||
|first5= | |||
|init5=J | |||
|author5-link= | |||
|last6=García-Caballero | |||
|first6= | |||
|init6=T | |||
|author6-link= | |||
|last7=Gallego | |||
|first7= | |||
|init7=R | |||
|author7-link= | |||
|last8=García-Caballero | |||
|first8= | |||
|init8=R | |||
|author8-link= | |||
|etal=no | |||
|title=Immunohistological study of the density and distribution of human penile neural tissue: gradient hypothesis | |||
|trans-title= | |||
|journal= Int J Impot Res | |||
|date=2023-05-02 | |||
|volume=35 | |||
|issue=3 | |||
|article= | |||
|page= | |||
|pages=286-305 | |||
|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41443-022-00561-9 | |||
|archived= | |||
|quote= | |||
|pubmedID=35501394 | |||
|pubmedCID= | |||
|DOI=10.1038/s41443-022-00561-9 | |||
|accessdate=2023-12-09 | |||
}}</ref> therefore ring block can never be totally effective. | |||
{{REF}} | |||
[[Category:Circumcision]] | [[Category:Circumcision]] | ||
[[Category:Pain]] | [[Category:Pain]] | ||
[[Category:Medical term]] | |||