Changes

|publisher={{UNI|University of Manitoba|UManitoba}}

|publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision(D.O.C.)]]

}}</ref>Of the three {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}}s being used by the [[WHO]] to endorse circumcision as [[HIV]] prevention, Stephen Moses and [[Robert C. Bailey]] headed the {{#tip-text:RCT|Randomized controlled trial}} that was carried out in Kenya.<ref>{{RCT Bailey RC, Moses S, Parker CB, et al. Male circumcision for [[HIV]] prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial. ''Lancet'' 2007;369:643-56. [http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(07)60312-2/abstract Abstract]}}</ref> Moses obviously brought his pre-existing bias in favor of male circumcision into the trial, so he did not start from a neutral position.

Moses' research on circumcision protection from [[HIV]] infection is now completely discredited. Boyle & Hill (2011) reviewed the three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and found disabling methodological and statistical errors in all three. Although a 60 percent ''relative'' reduction in [[HIV]] was claimed, the ''absolute'' reduction was a statistically insignificant 1.3 percent.<ref name="boyle-hill2011">{{BoyleGJ HillG 2011}}</ref> [[Michel Garenne |Garenne]] & Matthews (2019) report that circumcised men have as much [[HIV]] infection as intact men.<ref>{{REFjournal

|author-link=Michel Garenne

== Recent publications =={{PUB}}* Prevalence and risk factors for human papillomavirus infection by penile site in [[uncircumcised]] Kenyan men.<ref>{{REFjournal

}}</ref><br><small>Smith JS, Hudgens MG, '''[[Robert C. Bailey|Bailey RC]]''', Agot K, Ndinya-Achola JO, Moses S, et al. Int J Cancer 2010; 126: 572-7.</small>* Top Achievements in Health Research: Male circumcision: a new approach to reducing [[HIV]] transmission.<ref>{{REFjournal

|title=Top Achievements in Health Research: Male circumcision: a new approach to reducing HIV transmission |journal=CIHR/CMAJ

}}</ref><br><small>Moses S. CIHR/CMAJ 2009; 181: E134-5.</small>* Does sex in the early period after circumcision increase [[HIV]]-seroconversion risk? Pooled analysis of adult male circumcision clinical trials.<ref>{{REFjournal

</ref><br><small>Mehta SD, '''[[Ronald Gray|Gray RH]]''', '''[[Bertran Auvert|Auvert B]]''', Moses S , Kigozi G, Taljaard D, Puren A, Agot K, Serwadda D, Parker CB, '''[[Maria Wawer|Wawer MJ]]''', '''[[Robert C. Bailey|Bailey RC]]'''. AIDS 2009; 23: 1557-64.</small>* Male circumcision for [[HIV]] prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=RCT Bailey |init=RC |last2=Moses |init2=S |author2-link=Stephen Moses |last3=Parker |init3=CB |etal=yes |date=et al 2007-02 |title=Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial |journal=Lancet |volume=369 |issue=9562 |pages=643–56 |url= |pubmedID=17321310 |DOI=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60312-2 |accessdate=}}</ref><br><small>'''[[Robert C. Bailey|Bailey RC]]''', Moses S , Parker CB, Agot K, Maclean I, Krieger JN, et al. Lancet 2007; 369: 643-56.</small>* Modelling the public health impact of male circumcision for [[HIV]] prevention in high prevalence areas in Africa.<ref>{{REFjournal

|init=NJNJD

}}</ref><br><small>Nagelkerke NJD, Moses S, de Vlas S, '''[[Robert C. Bailey|Bailey RC]]'''. BMC Infect Dis 2007; 7: 16.</small>* Adult male circumcision outcomes: experience in a developing country setting.<ref>{{REFjournal

|author2-link=Robert C. Bailey |last3=OpeyaAgot |init3=JCK |last4=Parker |init4=C |last5=Ndinya-Achola |init5=JO |last6=Moses |init6=S |author6-link=Stephen Moses

|journal=Urol. Int.