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[[[[Category:Physiology]]
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The '''microbiome''' is the complete genetic content of all the microorganisms that typically inhabit a particular environment, especially a site on or in the body, such as the skin or the gastrointestinal tract.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Microbiome
}}</ref>
The Human Microbiome Project Consortium (2012) reported a remarkable diversity in the healthy human microbiome.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Human Microbiome Project Consortium
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|etal=no
|title=Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Nature
|location=
|date=2012-06-13
|volume=486
|issue=7402
|article=
|pages=207-14
|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature11234
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=22699609
|pubmedCID=3564958
|DOI=10.1038/nature11234
|accessdate=2023-09-24
}}</ref>
Segre (2023) pointed out that the microbiome is "good" and contributes to human health in various ways, such as digestion of food and prevention of colonization by pathogens.<ref name="segre2023">{{REFweb
|url=https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Microbiome
|title=Microbiome
|last=Segre
|first=Julie
|init=
|publisher=National Human Genome Research Institute
|date=2023-09-23
|accessdate=2023-09-24
}}</ref>
== Penile microbiome ==
Mishra et al. (2023) surveyed the microbiome and mycobiome of eleven toilet-trained pediatric patients before and after elective non-therapeutic [[circumcision]]. Circumcision amputates the [[foreskin]] and destroys the [[preputial sac]] where the microbiome is found.<ref name="cold-taylor1999">{{ColdCJ TaylorJR 1999}}</ref> The authors reported a "significant drop" in the bacterial and fungal population after [[circumcision]], but did ''not'' report any improvement in patient health.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Mishra
|first=
|init=K
|author-link=
|last2=Isali
|first2=
|init2=I
|author2-link=
|last3=Sidhani
|first3=
|init3=M
|author3-link=
|last4=Prunty
|first4=
|init4=M
|author4-link=
|etal=yes
|title=Characterization of Changes in Penile Microbiome Following Pediatric Circumcision
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Eur Urol Focus
|location=
|date=2023-07
|volume=9
|issue=4
|pages=660-80
|url=https://www.eu-focus.europeanurology.com/article/S2405-4569(22)00290-5/fulltext
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=36566099
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1016/j.euf.2022.12.007
|accessdate=2023-09-25
}}</ref>
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin]]
{{REF}}
[[Category:Medical term]]