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''From the English [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brit_milah Wikipedia]:''
The '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is the first part of the Jewish ritual circumcision procedure. It is supposedly required by the [[Abrahamic covenant]], which is found in Genesis 17, however this chapter has been questioned and debunked by a Jewish scholar.<ref name="glick2005">{{REFbook
|last=Glick
|first=Leonard B.
The Christian elders, meeting at the [[Council at Jerusalem]] in about 49 A.D. rejected Brit Milah as a Christian practice, however it remains a Jewish practice.
==Description==
[[James Peron]] reported:
<blockquote>
The original Biblical circumcision of Abraham's time was a relatively minor ritual circumcision procedure in which only the redundant end of the [[foreskin]] extending beyond the tip of the [[glans]] was removed. This was called "Milah". It is from this term that the Jewish Religious Covenant circumcision ritual Bris Milah or Brith Milah got its name.<ref name="peron2000">{{REFjournal
|last=Peron
|init=JE
|author-link=James Peron
|url=https://cirp.org/library/history/peron2/
|title=Circumcision: then and now
|journal=Many Blessings
|date=2000
|season=Spring
|volume=III
|issue=
|pages=41-2
|accessdate=2023-08-25
}}</ref>
</blockquote>
Brit Milah is performed by a ''[[mohel]]''.
==Risks==
Medical science has identified several risks associated with Brit Milah. Brit Milah is a surgical operation and, like all surgical operations, has the risks of [[infection]], [[bleeding]], and surgical misadventure, up to and including loss of the [[penis]] and [[death]].
|DOI=10.1136/adc.2008.144063
|url=http://adc.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/adc.2008.144063v1
}}</ref> The infection appears within two weeks after the ritual operation.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Toker
|first=
|init=O
|author-link=
|last2=Schwartz
|first2=
|init2=S
|author2-link=
|last3=Segal
|first3=
|init3=G
|author3-link=
|last4=Godovitch
|first4=
|init4=N
|author4-link=
|last5=Schlesinger
|first5=
|init5=Y
|author5-link=
|last6=Raveh
|first6=
|init6=D
|author6-link=
|etal=no
|title=A costly covenant: ritual circumcision and urinary tract infection
|journal=Isr Med Assoc J
|location=
|date=2010-05
|volume=12
|issue=5
|page=
|pages=262-5
|url=https://www.ima.org.il/FilesUploadPublic/IMAJ/0/39/19639.pdf
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=20929075
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2023-11-09
}}</ref>
Two cases of [[penis]] [[amputation]] by ''[[mohel]]'' [[Hershel Goldman]] have been reported in [[Australia]].<ref name="dailymail2024">{{REFnews |title=VideoTop circumcision doctor is banned from performing the operations after amputating two little boys' penises, tribunal hears |url=https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-13455661/Circumcision-doctor-Hershel-Goldman-fighting-ban.html |last=Lackey |first=Brett<br> |init=B |author-link= |publisher=Daily Mail |date=2024-05-24 |accessdate=2024-05-25<youtube>dZy5lbWb9Xg}}</youtuberef>
== Social developments ==
Jewish families increasingly are questioning the practice of male circumcision. The Israeli newspaper, Haaretz, reported that many Jewish families are rejecting ritual circumcision.<ref name="ahituv2021">{{REFnews
|title=Even in Israel, More and More Parents Choose Not to Circumcise Their Sons
|url=https://www.haaretz.com/even-in-israel-more-and-more-parents-choose-not-to-circumcise-1.5178506
|last=Ahituv
|first=Netta
|coauthors=
|publisher=Haaretz
|website=
|date=2021-06-14
|accessdate=2023-12-27
|quote=The survey also found that nearly a third of the parents would prefer to forgo circumcision but nevertheless have it done for social reasons (16.6 percent), health reasons (10.4 percent) and because it is important for the grandparents (2.1 percent).
}}</ref> In the [[United States]], a new organization, [[Bruchim]], seeks to make non-circumcision acceptable in synagogues.
== Video ==
<b>Jewish Circumcision Ritual and Jews Who Say No</b>
<youtube>v=INy_JH6lzHI</youtube>
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Abrahamic covenant]]
* [[Brit Shalom]]
* [[Penile herpes simplex virus type 1 infection (after Jewish ritual circumcision)]]
* [[Periah]]
* [[Trauma]]
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
|accessdate=2022-11-24
}}
* {{REFbook
|url=https://www.cirp.org/library/legal/chessler/02.php#D3
|chapter=Judaism and Male Circumcision: The Bible and its Contradictions
|title=Justifying the Unjustifiable: Rite v. Wrong
|last=Chessler
|first=Abbie J.
|init=AJ
|author-link=Abbie Chessler
|publisher=Buffalo Law Review
|year=1997
|accessdate=2023-08-26
}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:Judaism]]
[[Category:Religion]]
[[Category:Penile surgery]]
[[de:Brit Mila]]