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→Pathological phimosis in boys
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Balanitis Xerotical Obliterans (BXO) and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus (LS) are two names for the same disease.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=Laymon |init=CW |author-link= |last2=freeman |init2=C |author2-link= |url= |title=Relationship of Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans to Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus |journal=Arch Dermat Syph |date=1944 |volume=48 |issue= |pages=57-9 |accessdate=2025-10-26}}</ref>
Becker (2011) has provided a comprehensive review of BXO/LS in boys.<ref name="becker2011">{{REFjournal |last=Becker |first= |init=K |author-link= |etal=no |title=Lichen sclerosus in boys |trans-title= |language= |journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int |location= |date=2011-01 |volume=108 |issue=4 |pages=53-8 |url= |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=21307992 |pubmedCID=3036008 |DOI=10.3238/arztebl.2011.053 |doi= |accessdate=2025-10-25}}</ref> Tissue afflicted with BXO (/LS) typically has a whitish color.BXO/LS frequently attacks the [[foreskin]], making it indurated and non-retractable.<ref name="becker2011" />
==Pathological phimosis in adults==
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BXO (LS) also occurs in adults. It is one of very few recognized medical indications for [[adult circumcision]].<ref name="becker2011" />
{{SEEALSO}}