Difference between revisions of "Pathological phimosis"
WikiModEn2 (talk | contribs) (→Pathological phimosis in boys) |
WikiModEn2 (talk | contribs) (→Pathological phimosis in boys) |
||
| (8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
| − | Balanitis Xerotical Obliterans (BXO) and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus (LS) are two names for the same disease. | + | Balanitis Xerotical Obliterans (BXO) and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus (LS) are two names for the same disease.<ref>{{REFjournal |
| + | |last=Laymon | ||
| + | |init=CW | ||
| + | |author-link= | ||
| + | |last2=freeman | ||
| + | |init2=C | ||
| + | |author2-link= | ||
| + | |url= | ||
| + | |title=Relationship of Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans to Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus | ||
| + | |journal=Arch Dermat Syph | ||
| + | |date=1944 | ||
| + | |volume=48 | ||
| + | |issue= | ||
| + | |pages=57-9 | ||
| + | |accessdate=2025-10-26 | ||
| + | }}</ref> | ||
| − | Becker (2011) has provided a comprehensive review of LS in boys.<ref>{{REFjournal | + | Becker (2011) has provided a comprehensive review of BXO/LS in boys.<ref name="becker2011">{{REFjournal |
|last=Becker | |last=Becker | ||
|first= | |first= | ||
| Line 64: | Line 79: | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
| − | Tissue afflicted with BXO | + | Tissue afflicted with BXO/LS typically has a whitish color. BXO/LS frequently attacks the [[foreskin]], making it indurated and non-retractable.<ref name="becker2011" /> |
==Pathological phimosis in adults== | ==Pathological phimosis in adults== | ||
| Line 78: | Line 93: | ||
|accessdate=2025-10-24 | |accessdate=2025-10-24 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | BXO (LS) also occurs in adults. It is one of very few recognized medical indications for [[adult circumcision]].<ref name="becker2011" /> | ||
{{SEEALSO}} | {{SEEALSO}} | ||
Latest revision as of 16:51, 26 October 2025
Pathological phimosis is the condition of having a non-retractile foreskin caused by the abnormal, unhealthy, or morbid existence of disease.
Pathological phimosis in boys
Rickwood et al. (1980) reported that pathological phimosis in boys is almost always caused by balanitis xerotica obliterans. Phimosis is defined as "scarring of the tip of the prepuce."[1]
Balanitis Xerotical Obliterans (BXO) and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus (LS) are two names for the same disease.[2]
Becker (2011) has provided a comprehensive review of BXO/LS in boys.[3]
Tissue afflicted with BXO/LS typically has a whitish color. BXO/LS frequently attacks the foreskin, making it indurated and non-retractable.[3]
Pathological phimosis in adults
Adult-onset phimosis may also be caused by a yeast infection of the foreskin that makes it hard or impossible to retract the foreskin.[4]
BXO (LS) also occurs in adults. It is one of very few recognized medical indications for adult circumcision.[3]
See also
References
- ↑
Rickwood AM, Hemalatha V, Batcup G, Spitz L. Phimosis in boys. Br J Urol. May 1980; 52(2): 147-50. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 25 October 2025.
- ↑ Laymon CW, freeman C. Relationship of Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans to Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus. Arch Dermat Syph. 1944; 48: 57-9. Retrieved 26 October 2025.
- ↑ a b c Becker K. Lichen sclerosus in boys. Dtsch Arztebl Int. January 2011; 108(4): 53-8. PMID. PMC. DOI. Retrieved 25 October 2025.
- ↑
Anonymous (6 June 2022). Male Yeast Infection
, Cleveland Clinic. Retrieved 24 October 2025.
