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|first= Robert Tuttle
|first=W.G.
adjusted REFjournal
Female genital cutting ([[FGC]]) shares a strikingly similar history to [[circumcision|male circumcision]] in Western medicine, being offered as a way to curb sexual activity, which was thought to cause disease.<ref>[[John Harvey Kellogg|Kellogg, John Harvey]]</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Morris
|first=Robert Tuttle
|init=RT
|title=Is evolution trying to do away with the clitoris?
|journal=American Association of OB/GYNs
|pages=288-302
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=McFarland
|first=T. Scott
|lastinit=McFarlandTS
|title=Circumcision of Girls
|journal=Journal of Orificial Surgery
|pages=31-33
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Dawson
|first=Benjamin E.
|lastinit=DawsonBE
|title=Circumcision in the Female: Its Necessity and How to Perform it
|journal=American Journal of Clinical Medicine
|pages=520-525
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Eskridge
|first=Belle C.
|lastinit=EskridgeBC
|title=Why not circumcise the girl as well as the boy?
|journal=Texas State Journal of Medicine
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=McDonald
|firstinit=C.F.CF
|title=Circumcision of the female
|journal=General Practitioner
|pages=98-99
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Rathmann
|init=WG |title=[Female Circumcision: Indications and a new Technique |url=http://www.noharmm.org/femcirctech.htm Female Circumcision: Indications and a new Technique]
|journal=General practitioner
|volume=20
|last=MacReady
|first=Norra
|init=N
|title=AAP retracts statement on controversial procedure
|journal=The Lancet
|last=MacReady
|first=Norra
|init=N
|title=AAP retracts statement on controversial procedure
|journal=The Lancet
|last=MacReady
|first=Norra
|init=N
|title=AAP retracts statement on controversial procedure
|journal=The Lancet
|last=MacReady
|first=Norra
|init=N
|title=AAP retracts statement on controversial procedure
|journal=The Lancet
|last=MacReady
|first=Norra
|init=N
|title=AAP retracts statement on controversial procedure
|journal=The Lancet
|last=MacReady
|first=Norra
|init=N
|title=AAP retracts statement on controversial procedure
|journal=The Lancet
|last=MacReady
|first=Norra
|init=N
|title=AAP retracts statement on controversial procedure
|journal=The Lancet
|last=MacReady
|first=Norra
|init=N
|title=AAP retracts statement on controversial procedure
|journal=The Lancet
[[FGC]] consists of several distinct procedures. Their severity is often viewed as dependent on how much genital tissue is cut away. The [[WHO]] — which uses the term Female Genital Mutilation ([[FGM]]) — divides the procedure into four major types<ref name = "WHO - Terminology"/> (see Diagram 1), although there is some debate as to whether all common forms of FGM fit into these four categories, as well as issues with the reliability of reported data.<ref name="Elmusharaf_2006">{{REFjournal
|last=Elmusharaf
|firstinit=S. |first2=N.
|last2=Elhadi
|first3init2=L.N
|last3=Almroth
|init3=L
|title=Reliability of self reported form of female genital mutilation and WHO classification: cross sectional study
|journal=BMJ