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In fact, the study is scientifically vulnerable and has since been sharply criticized by experts.
In fact, the study is scientifically vulnerable and has since been sharply criticized by experts.


== See also ==
{{SEEALSO}}
* [http://circleaks.org/index.php?title=World_Health_Organization Critical page about the WHO on CircLeaks.org]
* [http://circleaks.org/index.php?title=World_Health_Organization Critical page about the WHO on CircLeaks.org]


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''The following sections are from [[IntactWiki]]:''


{{Infobox
{{Infobox
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The World Health Organization endorses male circumcision as an HIV prevention method based on the three RCTs in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda.<ref>
The World Health Organization endorses male circumcision as an HIV prevention method based on the three RCTs in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda.<ref>{{REFweb
{{cite web
| last=
  | url = http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/
| first=
  | title = Male circumcision for HIV prevention
| year=2011
  | accessdate = 2011-05-06
| title=Male circumcision for HIV prevention
| date = 2011
  | url=http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/
| publisher = World Health Organization
  | publisher=World Health Organization
  | accessdate=2011-05-06
}}</ref>
 
{{Citation
| Title=WHO Endorses Circumcision as HIV Prevention
| Text=...male circumcision should be considered an efficacious intervention for HIV prevention in countries and regions with heterosexual epidemics, high HIV and low male circumcision prevalence.
| Author=
| Source=[[WHO|World Health Organization]]
| lang=
| before=
| after=
| Transcription=
| Translation=
| ref=<ref>[http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/ World Health Organization. ''Male circumcision for HIV prevention.'' (2011)]</ref>
}}
}}
</ref>


{{Quote box
On their [http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/ website], they acknowledge that, even if the latest "studies" were correct, "[m]ale circumcision provides only partial protection," and that it should be part of a "comprehensive HIV prevention package" that includes HIV testing and counseling services, treatment for STD infections, the promotion of safer sex practices and the provision of condoms and the promotion of their correct and consistent use.
|title = <small>WHO Endorses Circumcision as HIV Prevention</small>
|quote = ...male circumcision should be considered an efficacious intervention for HIV prevention in countries and regions with heterosexual epidemics, high HIV and low male circumcision prevalence.
|source = --[http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/ World Health Organization. ''Male circumcision for HIV prevention.'' (2011)]
|align = left
|width = 55%
|quoted = yes
}}
<BR CLEAR="all">
On their [http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/ website], they acknowledge that, even if the latest "studies" were correct,
"[m]ale circumcision provides only partial protection," and that it should be part of a "comprehensive HIV prevention package" that includes HIV testing and counseling services, treatment for STD infections, the promotion of safer sex practices and the provision of condoms and the promotion of their correct and consistent use.


''Note: Even if the recent trials were accurate (and their credibility is highly questionable), circumcision could only reduce the relative risk of acquiring HIV between circumcised and uncircumcised men by 60% over a period of about one year. Condoms have an absolute reduction risk of acquiring HIV that's over 95% (closer to 100% when used properly), making circumcision a moot point.''
''Note: Even if the recent trials were accurate (and their credibility is highly questionable), circumcision could only reduce the relative risk of acquiring HIV between circumcised and uncircumcised men by 60% over a period of about one year. Condoms have an absolute reduction risk of acquiring HIV that's over 95% (closer to 100% when used properly), making circumcision a moot point.''


==Chief Expert on Circumcision==
== Chief Expert on Circumcision ==
[[David R. Tomlinson]] is the inventor of the [[AccuCirc]] device.<ref>
 
{{cite news
[[David R. Tomlinson]] is the inventor of the [[AccuCirc]] device.<ref>{{REFnews
  | first = Paula
  | last=Katz
  | last = S. Katz
  | first=Paula S.
| title = Night work without burnout
  | coauthors=
  | date = 2008-09
  | url=http://todayshospitalist.com/index.php?b=articles_read&cnt=647
  | url = http://todayshospitalist.com/index.php?b=articles_read&cnt=647
  | title=Night work without burnout
  | work = Today's Hospitalist
  | date=2008-09
  | accessdate = 2011-09-26
| publisher=Today's Hospitalist
  | quote = ...an invention: a circumcision tool to help prevent HIV that has recently been cleared by the FDA.
  | quote=...an invention: a circumcision tool to help prevent HIV that has recently been cleared by the FDA.
}}
| accessdate=2011-09-26
</ref> He also ''just so happens to be'' the "chief expert on circumcision" at the World Health Organization.<ref>
}}</ref> He also ''just so happens to be'' the "chief expert on circumcision" at the World Health Organization.<ref>{{REFnews
{{cite news
  | last=Hennessy-Fiske
| first = Molly
  | first=Molly
  | last = Hennessy-Fiske
  | coauthors=
  | title = Injuries linked to circumcision clamps
  | url=http://www.latimes.com/health/la-he-circumcision-20110926,0,4367816.story
  | date = 2011-09-26
  | title=Injuries linked to circumcision clamps
  | url = http://www.latimes.com/health/la-he-circumcision-20110926,0,4367816.story
  | date=2011-09-26
  | work = Los Angeles Times
| publisher=Los Angeles Times
  | accessdate = 2011-09-25
  | quote=Dr. David Tomlinson, who teaches family medicine at Brown University in Providence, R.I., and serves as the World Health Organization's chief expert on circumcision.
  | quote = Dr. David Tomlinson, who teaches family medicine at Brown University in Providence, R.I., and serves as the World Health Organization's chief expert on circumcision.
| accessdate=2011-09-25
}}
}}</ref>
</ref>


== Initiatives Since 2006 ==
== Initiatives Since 2006 ==
The Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR), together with the WHO Department of HIV/AIDS and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS ([[UNAIDS]]), launched a number of new initiatives in 2006–2007.<ref name="for control">
 
{{cite web
The Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR), together with the WHO Department of HIV/AIDS and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS ([[UNAIDS]]), launched a number of new initiatives in 2006–2007.<ref name="for control">{{REFweb
  | url = http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/rtis/male_circumcision/en/
| last=
  | title = Male circumcision for HIV control
| first=
  | accessdate = 2011-05-06
| year=2011
| date = 2011
| title=Male circumcision for HIV control
| publisher = World Health Organization
  | url=http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/rtis/male_circumcision/en/
}}
  | publisher=World Health Organization
</ref>
  | accessdate=2011-05-06
}}</ref>


=== Circumcision Manual ===
=== Circumcision Manual ===
In partnership with other WHO departments, UNAIDS, and the Johns Hopkins Program for International Education in Gynecology and Obstetrics (JHPIEGO), the Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR) has developed a Manual for male infant circumcision under local anaesthesia.<ref> {{cite book | last1 = World Health Organization | last2 = JHPIEGO | title = Manual for early infant male circumcision under local anaesthesia. | publisher = WHO Document Production Services | year = 2010 | location = Geneva, Switzerland | url = http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241500753_eng.pdf | accessdate = 2011-06-01 | isbn = 978 92 4 150075 3}}</ref><ref name="for control"/> The manual is intended for use by clinical officers, who can be trained to perform uncomplicated circumcision, and to refer more complex cases. The manual is expected to be published in 2011. The manual itself is supported by training guides and a certification framework, to facilitate the upgrading of skills of officers who are not otherwise authorized to perform surgery.


=== Assesment ''Toolkit'' ===
In partnership with other WHO departments, UNAIDS, and the Johns Hopkins Program for International Education in Gynecology and Obstetrics (JHPIEGO), the Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR) has developed a Manual for male infant circumcision under local anaesthesia.<ref>{{REFbook
| last=World Health Organization; JHPIEGO
| first=
| year=2010
| title=Manual for early infant male circumcision under local anaesthesia
| url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241500753_eng.pdf
| editor=
| edition=
| volume=
| chapter=
| pages=
| location=Geneva, Switzerland
| publisher=WHO Document Production Services
| isbn=9789241500753
| note=
| accessdate=2011-06-01
}}</ref><ref name="for control"/> The manual is intended for use by clinical officers, who can be trained to perform uncomplicated circumcision, and to refer more complex cases. The manual is expected to be published in 2011. The manual itself is supported by training guides and a certification framework, to facilitate the upgrading of skills of officers who are not otherwise authorized to perform surgery.
 
=== Assessment ''Toolkit'' ===
RHR is also supporting the development of a toolkit that will allow countries to assess their preparedness for introducing or expanding male circumcision services. RHR contributed to a number of other documents dealing with various aspects of male circumcision, including a review of global trends and determinants of prevalence, safety and acceptability, and a guide to enhancing the quality of male circumcision services.
RHR is also supporting the development of a toolkit that will allow countries to assess their preparedness for introducing or expanding male circumcision services. RHR contributed to a number of other documents dealing with various aspects of male circumcision, including a review of global trends and determinants of prevalence, safety and acceptability, and a guide to enhancing the quality of male circumcision services.


== See Also ==
{{SEEALSO}}
*[[David R. Tomlinson]] -- AccuCirc Inventor. "Chief circumcision expert" at the W.H.O.
* [[David R. Tomlinson]] -- AccuCirc Inventor. "Chief circumcision expert" at the W.H.O.
*[[AccuCirc]] -- Circumcision device, invented by the "chief circumcision expert" at the W.H.O.
* [[AccuCirc]] -- Circumcision device, invented by the "chief circumcision expert" at the W.H.O.
*[[UNAIDS]] -- Related to the W.H.O.
* [[UNAIDS]] -- Related to the W.H.O.


==CircWatch==
==CircWatch==
[http://circwatch.org/tag/who/ Post about the World Health Organization on CircWatch]
[http://circwatch.org/tag/who/ Post about the World Health Organization on CircWatch]


==References==
{{REF}}
<div class='references-small'>
<references/>
</div>


[[Category:Organizations]]
[[Category:Organizations]]
[[Category:Circumcision in Africa]]
[[Category:Circumcision in Africa]]
[[Category:CircLeaks]]
[[Category:CircLeaks]]
{{REF}}


[[Category:Organization]]
[[Category:Organization]]


[[de:WHO]]
[[de:WHO]]
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