Changes

Cathcart et al. (2006) collected circumcision rates from 1997 through 2003. They reported a decline in the incidence of circumcision of about 20 percent over the period of their study, with about 10,000 circumcisions of boys per year at the end of the study. They commented that the circumcision rate for boys is still five times higher than the reported incidence of phimosis.<ref name="cathcart2006">{{REFjournal |last=Cathcart |init=P |last2=Nuttall |init2=M |last3=van der Meulen |init3=J |last4=Emberton |init4=M |last5=Kenny |init5=SE |date=2006-07 |title=Trends in paediatric circumcision and its complications in England between 1997 and 2003 |accessdate=2021-09-05 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/procedure/cathcart1/ |journal=BJS |language=en |volume=93 |issue=7 |pages=885–890 |DOI=10.1002/bjs.5369 |pubmedID=16673355 |ISSN=1365-2168}} </ref>

Rickwood & Walker (1989) reported that 21,000 circumcision were done annually on boys under 15 years of age,<ref name="rickwood1989" /> so Cathcart et al. (2006) are finding a reduction of 53 percent,<ref name="cathcart2006" /> although still much higher than it should be. It should be noted that manual [[stretching]] of the [[foreskin]] with the aid of topical steroid ointment to relieve [[phimosis]] had not yet entered general use.

|DOI=10.1136/sti.79.6.499

|accessdate=2021-09-05

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