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{{Construction Site}}'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' with a non-retractile [[foreskin]] in the [[United States]] and [[Canada]] frequently presents unique issues caused by the poor training and lack of knowledge of North American health care healthcare providers, who do not know how to insert a catheter when the boy has an a normal [[intact]] foreskin. Such providers may attempt premature [[forced foreskin retraction]] to the harm of the boy or even demand that the boy be [[circumcised]] to permit catheter insertion. This problem does not occur in other advanced nations where health care providers are properly trained in the care of [[intact]] boys. Carmack & Milos (2017) identified the issue with intact boys and provided all necessary information on the technique of installing a catheter in an intact boy.<ref name="carmack2017">{{REFjournal

|author-link=Adrienne Carmack

|first2=Marlilyn Marilyn F.

|author2-link=Marilyn Fayre Milos

|pages=218-22020 |url=https://www.cfp.ca/content/63/3/218.long

|accessdate=2023-02-16}}</ref>The foreskin is normally non-retractable in childhood.<ref name="Wright1994">{{REFjournal |last=Wright |init=JE |title=Further to the "Further Fate of the Foreskin" |journal=Med J Aust |volume=160 |issue= |pages=134-135 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/normal/wright2/ |quote= |pubmedID=8295581 |pubmedCID= |DOI= |date=1994-02-07 |accessdate=2019-10-17}}</ref> Such providers may attempt premature [[forced foreskin retraction]] to the harm of the boy<ref name="deibart1933">{{REFjournal |last=Deibart |init=GA |title=The separation of the prepuce in the human penis |journal=Anat Rec |date=1933 |volume=57 |issue= |pages=387-99 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/deibert/ |quote= |pubmedID= |pubmedCID= |DOI=https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.1090570409 |accessdate=2019-10-07}}</ref> or even demand that the boy be [[circumcised]] to permit catheter insertion. These issues do not occur in other advanced nations where healthcare providers are properly trained in the care of [[intact]] boys. Carmack & Milos (2017) identified the issues with [[intact]] boys and provided all necessary information on the technique of inserting a catheter into the [[penis]] of an [[intact]] boy.<ref name="carmack2017" /> A [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5349724/pdf/0630218.pdf PDF version] is available and may be printed and provided to a health care provider.{{SEEALSO}}* [[Canada]]* [[Development of retractable foreskin]]* [[United States of America]]{{LINKS}}* {{REFweb |url=https://www.yourwholebaby.org/catheters |title=How can a catheter be safely inserted into an intact infant or child? |last= |first= |init= |publisher=Your Whole Baby |date=2017 |accessdate=2023-02-16}}