Difference between revisions of "Australia"
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A report on circumcision in Australia. | A report on circumcision in Australia. | ||
| − | Australia, like other English-speaking countries, once had a rather high rate of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision of male infants, however Australia now has a very low rate of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision. | + | Australia, like other English-speaking countries, once had a rather high rate of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision of male infants, however Australia now (2019) has a very low rate of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision. |
==History== | ==History== | ||
| − | The indigeous people of Australia, the Aborgines, have variously practiced subincision and circumcision since before the first contact with Europeans. | + | The indigeous people of Australia, the Aborgines, have variously practiced [[Religion and culture#Australia| subincision]] and [[circumcision]] since before the first contact with Europeans. |
The incidence of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision in Australia approached that of the United States in the 1930s through 1960s. | The incidence of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision in Australia approached that of the United States in the 1930s through 1960s. | ||
| Line 113: | Line 113: | ||
==Position statements of medical societies== | ==Position statements of medical societies== | ||
| − | After considering the three papers published in the ''Australian Paediatric Journal'', the Australian Paediatric Society adopted a resolution on April 24, 1971 that the circumcision of male infants should not be performed as a routine measure. That resolution subsequently was reported in a letter published in the ''Medical Journal of Australia'' on May 22, 1971.<ref name="belmaine1971">{{REFjournal | + | After considering the three papers published in the ''Australian Paediatric Journal'', the [http://auspaediatrics.com.au/ Australian Paediatric Society] adopted a resolution on April 24, 1971 that the circumcision of male infants should not be performed as a routine measure. That resolution subsequently was reported in a letter published in the ''Medical Journal of Australia'' on May 22, 1971.<ref name="belmaine1971">{{REFjournal |
|last=Belmaine | |last=Belmaine | ||
|first=SP | |first=SP | ||
| Line 125: | Line 125: | ||
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/statements/apa1971/ | |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/statements/apa1971/ | ||
|accessdate=2019-10-28 | |accessdate=2019-10-28 | ||
| + | }}</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | The incidence of non-therapeutic child circumcision in Australia started to decline after the publication of the Belaine (1971) letter. By 1978, only 50 percent of newborn boys were being circumcised. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The incidence of circumcision continued to decline, so that by 1996, when the Australian College of Paediatrics issued a statement, it reported that the incidence of "routine" (i.e. non-therapeutic) circumcision was estimated at ten percent of newborn boys.<ref name-"acp1996>{{REFweb | ||
| + | |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/statements/acp1996/ | ||
| + | |title=Routine circumcision of normal male infants and boys | ||
| + | |trans-title= | ||
| + | |language= | ||
| + | |last=Statement | ||
| + | |first= | ||
| + | |author-link= | ||
| + | |publisher=Australian College of Paediatrics | ||
| + | |website= | ||
| + | |date=1996-05-27 | ||
| + | |update= | ||
| + | |accessdate=2019-10-28 | ||
| + | |format= | ||
| + | |quote= | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 16:19, 28 October 2019
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This article is work in progress and not yet part of the free encyclopedia IntactiWiki.
A report on circumcision in Australia.
Australia, like other English-speaking countries, once had a rather high rate of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision of male infants, however Australia now (2019) has a very low rate of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision.
History
The indigeous people of Australia, the Aborgines, have variously practiced subincision and circumcision since before the first contact with Europeans.
The incidence of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision in Australia approached that of the United States in the 1930s through 1960s.
Douglas Gairdner's famous, classic 1949 paper, The Fate of the Foreskin: A Study of Circumcision,[1] seems to have had no effect in Australia.
Wright (1967) slammed the practice of non-therapeutic circumcision.[2]
The Australian Paediatric Journal issue of June 1970, published three articles critical of non-therapeutic infant circumcision.[3][4][5]
Position statements of medical societies
After considering the three papers published in the Australian Paediatric Journal, the Australian Paediatric Society adopted a resolution on April 24, 1971 that the circumcision of male infants should not be performed as a routine measure. That resolution subsequently was reported in a letter published in the Medical Journal of Australia on May 22, 1971.[6]
The incidence of non-therapeutic child circumcision in Australia started to decline after the publication of the Belaine (1971) letter. By 1978, only 50 percent of newborn boys were being circumcised.
The incidence of circumcision continued to decline, so that by 1996, when the Australian College of Paediatrics issued a statement, it reported that the incidence of "routine" (i.e. non-therapeutic) circumcision was estimated at ten percent of newborn boys.[7]
External links
Young, Hugh (2005). Circumcision in Australia
, Circumstitions. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
References
- ↑
Gairdner, Douglas M.. The fate of the foreskin: a study of circumcision. British Medical Journal. 1949; 2(4642): 1433-1437. PMID. PMC. DOI. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- ↑ Wright, JE. Non-therapeutic circumcision. Med J Aust
location=. 27 May 1967; 1: 1083-7. PMID. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- ↑ Leitch, I.O., et al. Circumcision: the continuing enigma. Aust Paediatr J. March 1970; 6(1): 59-65. PMID. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
- ↑ Birrell, R.G.. Circumcision. Aust Paediatr J. June 1960; 6(2): 66-7. PMID. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
- ↑ Smith, E.D.. Another view of circumcision. Aust Paediatr J. June 1970; 6(2): 67-9. PMID. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
- ↑ Belmaine, SP. Circumcision. Medical Journal of Australia. 22 May 1971; 1: 1148. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- ↑ Statement (27 May 1996).
Routine circumcision of normal male infants and boys
, Australian College of Paediatrics. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
