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{{Construction Site}}'''Ischemia of the glans penis''' is a not-so-rare [[iatrogenic]] [[complication ]] of [[circumcision]].<ref name="pepe2015">{{REFjournal

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Male [[circumcision ]] frequently includes excision of the [[frenulum]], which carries the frenular artery.<ref>{{REFjournal

|last2=Marla,

|trans-title= |language= |journal=J Clin Diagn Res.

}}</ref> The frenular artery supplies arterial blood to the [[glans penis]], so the excision of the [[frenulum ]] reduces the supply of arterial blood to the glans penis.

[[Circumcision ]] also disrupts the return flow of blood to the heart. Veins in the [[prepuce ]] provide "at least part of the drainage of the [[glans ]] surface."<ref name="mcgrath2001">{{REFbook

|init=K |author-link=Ken McGrath

|editoreditors=Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF, editors.

|publisher=Kluwer/Plenum,

}}</ref> Moreover, the dorsal veins from the [[acroposthion]] are severed and excised by [[circumcision]]. This frequently results in post-circumcision [[lymphoedema]] due to the reduction in blood circulation. Ferhatoglu et al. (2019) reported edema in 108 of 198 patients or 54.5 percent, indicating substantial impairment of circulation.<ref>{{REFjournal

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Tzeng et al. (2004) reported the case of a 33-year-old man who experienceed ischemia of the [[glans penis ]] within 24 hours after a an [[adult circumcision]]. He was treated with intravenous pentoxifyllin and hyperbaric oxygenation.<ref name="tzeng2004">{{REFjournal

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Aslan et al. (2005) reported the case of an eleven-year-old boy who experienced ischemia of the [[glans penis ]] within 24 hours of a [[circumcision]]. The boy was successfully treated with pentoxifylline injection for 5 days.<ref name="aslan2005">{{REFjournal

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Devarakonda & Aghavendra (2010) reported a case of ischemia of the [[glans penis]].<ref name="devarakonda2010">{{REFjournal

Karaguzel et al. (2013) reported a case of ischemia of the [[glans penis ]] after [[circumcision ]] in a four-year-old boy. The boy was successfully treated with pentoxifylline.<ref>{{REFjournal

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Pepe et al. (2015) reported the case of a young man who had ischemia of the [[glans ]] five days after [[circumcision]]. He was treated with hyperbaric therapy.<ref name="pepe2015"/>

Cárdenas Elías et al. (2016) reported a case of ischemia of the [[glans penis ]] in a ten-year-old patient with symptoms appearing two hours after circumcision. The boy was treated with pentoxifylline (PTX) that is maintained for 6 days, topical testosterone and a caudal blocking (for 48 hours).<ref>{{REFjournal

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|title=[Isquemia postcircuncisión: una complicación inesperada. Revisión de la literatura |trans-title=An unexpected complication: glans ischemia after circumcision. Review of the literature] |trans-title=

|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28393509/

Migliorini et al. (2018) reported a case of ischemia of the [[glans penis ]] after [[circumcision ]] in a 24-year-old male. The patient was successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy in combination with pentoxifylline.<ref>{{REFjournal

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Polak et al. (2021) present two cases of ischemia of the [[glans penis ]] after medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision ]] in which hyperbaric oxygen was used as salvage therapy to save the penises of the newborn boys.<ref name="polak2021">{{REFjournal

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The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the [[glans penis]]. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progress progressed to [[necrosis ]] and gangrene of the [[glans penis. ]]?

Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the [[glans penis]].

A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and destroys impedes circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non-nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant [[circumcision ]] is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.