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Declaration of Helsinki (2012)

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<center><big>'''Declaration of Helsinki'''</big></center>
''Whereas '' it is the fundamental and inherent right of each human being to security of the person without regard to age, sex, gender, ethnicity, or religion as articulated in the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf Universal Declaration of Human Rights]'', the ''[https://treaties.un.org/doc/Treaties/1976/03/19760323%2006-17%20AM/Ch_IV_04.pdf International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]'', and the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/crc.pdf Convention on the Rights of the Child]'',
''Now we declare '' the existence of a fundamental right of each human being, a '''''Right of Genital Autonomy''''', that is, the right to:
* personal control of their own genital and reproductive organs; and
* protection from medically unnecessary genital modification and other irreversible reproductive interventions. We declare that consistent with the Right of Genital Autonomy the only person who may consent to medically unnecessary genital modification and other irreversible reproductive interventions is::* in the case of a person who is competent to give free and informed consent, being fully informed about the nature, the risks and benefits of the intervention – the person undergoing the intervention; and:* in the case of an incompetent person including a young child – only a properly constituted public authority or tribunal appointed to balance the human rights and the best interests of the person after considering the views of family members, professionals, and an independent advocate for the person.
''We recognize declare'' that consistent with the fundamental right Right of parents and guardians Genital Autonomy the only person who may consent to freedom of thought, conscience, medically unnecessary genital modification and religion. Those rights of parents and guardians are not absolute, they are limited by the same fundamental human rights of others, in particular, their children.other irreversible reproductive interventions is:
We declare that healthy genital * in the case of a person who is competent to give free and reproductive organs are naturalinformed consent, normalbeing fully informed about the nature, functional parts the risks and benefits of the human body. Governments intervention – the person undergoing the intervention; and healthcare providers have * in the case of an incompetent person including a young child – only a duty properly constituted public authority or tribunal appointed to educate parents balance the human rights and children about non-invasive hygienethe best interests of the person after considering the views of family members, care of genital and reproductive organsprofessionals, and to explain their anatomical and physiological development and functionan independent advocate for the person.
''We encourage recognize'' the fundamental right of parents and guardians to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion. Those rights of parents and support further research into guardians are not absolute, they are limited by the adverse consequences same fundamental human rights of such interventionsothers, in particular, their children.
''We oppose research declare'' that healthy genital and experimentation that involve reproductive organs are natural, normal, functional parts of the performance human body. Governments and healthcare providers have a duty to educate parents and children about non-invasive hygiene, care of medically unnecessary modification and other irreversible medical interventions affecting genital and reproductive organs upon non-consenting children , and to explain their anatomical and physiological development and adultsfunction.
''We encourage'' and support further research into the adverse consequences of such interventions. ''We oppose'' research and experimentation that involve the performance of medically unnecessary modification and other irreversible medical interventions affecting genital and reproductive organs upon non-consenting children and adults. ''We call '' on all governments to acknowledge the Right of Genital Autonomy for every child and adult, that is the right to:
* personal control of their own genital and reproductive organs; and
* protection from medically unnecessary genital modification and their irreversible reproductive interventions.
''We call '' on all States members to the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/crc.pdf Convention on the Rights of the Child]'' to honor their commitments under that instrument, in particular Articles 2, 12, 14, 19 and 24.
<small>Passed Adopted by the General Assembly of the [[Twelfth International Symposium| 12th International Symposium on Law, Genital Autonomy & Children’s Rights]], Helsinki, Finland, 29 September to 3 October 2012.</small>
[[Category:Genitals]]
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