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== [[Metzitzah b'peh]] [[herpes ]] cases ==In 2005, a circumcision ritual practiced by some Orthodox Jews alarmed city health officials, after it led to three cases of [[herpes ]] - one of them fatal.<ref name='commish-letter'/>

|Text=...there is no reasonable doubt that the practice of metzitzah b’peh (“suction by mouth”) has infected several infants in New York City with the [[herpes ]] virus, including one child who died and another who has evidence of brain damage...The connection between metzitzah b’peh and neonatal [[herpes ]] has been documented in the medical literature...

|Text=With an estimated average of fewer than 30 cases of all forms of infant [[herpes ]] infections occurring per year in New York City, the odds of one mohel being associated with 3 cases ofneonatal [[herpes ]] are infinitesimally small (about 6.9 million to 1)...Some religious authorities consider metzitzah b’peh the only acceptable way to draw blood away from the circumcision cut.