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→Problems with promoting circumcision as HIV prevention policy
On their [http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/ website], the WHO acknowledges that, ''"[m]ale circumcision provides only partial protection,"'' and that it should be part of a ''"comprehensive HIV prevention package"'' that includes HIV testing and counseling services, treatment for STD infections, the promotion of safer sex practices and the provision of condoms and the promotion of their correct and consistent use.
Van Howe & Boyle (2018) pointed out numerous reasons that one should doubt the published results of the randomised clinical trials (RCTs)<ref name= "vanhowe2018">{{REFjournal
|last=Van Howe
|first=Robert S.
|author-link=Robert S. Van Howe
|last2=Boyle
|first2=Gregory J.
|author2-link=Gregory J. Boyle
|etal=no
|title=Meta-analysis of HIV-acquisition studies incomplete and unstable
|trans-title=
|language=English
|journal=BJU Int
|location=
|date=2018-10-31
|volume=
|issue=
|pages=
|url=https://www.bjuinternational.com/letters/meta-analysis-circumcision-incomplete-unstable/
|archived=
|quote=Given the effectiveness of condoms, the lack of consistent findings on national levels, the methodologically flawed RCTs, the lack of translational research, and the impressive potential uptake and effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis, circumcision as an intervention to prevent HIV infection should be treated with greater scepticism.
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
|accessdate=2020-09-05
}}</ref>
[[George C. Denniston]], M. D., M. P. H., the president of [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)| Doctors Opposing Circumcision]], in a letter to Ambassador Deborah L. Birx, M.D., M. P. H., (2020), the head of the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has called on [[PEPFAR]] to suspend the provision of male [[circumcision]] because it is ineffective and may increase the reception of HIV infection due to the loss of [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological protections]] of the [[foreskin]], and to focus on the provision of anti-retroviral therapy and condoms.<ref name="denniston2020">{{REFdocument