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Pain
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4. Finally, in another, painful step, the foreskin must be cut away.
Lander ''et al''. (1997) conducted a comparison of no anesthesia (current practicein 1997), ring block, dorsal penile nerve block, and a topical eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA).
With no anesthesia, the infants cried continuously. Newborns in the untreated placebo group exhibited homogeneous responses that consisted of sustained elevation of heart rate and high pitched cry throughout the circumcision and following. Two newborns in the placebo group became ill following circumcision (choking and apnea).