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==Recent developments==
[[George C. Denniston]], M. D., M. P. H., the president of [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)| Doctors Opposing Circumcision]], in a letter to Ambassador Deborah L. Birx, M.D., M. P. H., (dated 29 June 2020), the head of the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has called on PEPFAR to suspend the provision of male [[circumcision]] because it is ineffective and may increase the reception of HIV infection due to the loss of [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological protections]] of the [[foreskin]], and to focus on the provision of anti-retroviral therapy and condoms.<ref name="denniston2020">{{REFdocument
|title=World Health Organization, HIV, and male circumcision
|url=https://pool.intactiwiki.org/images/2020-06-15b_LettertoPEPFAR.pdf
solution” to African HIV epidemics has more to do with cultural imperialism than with
sound health policy, and concludes that African communities need a means of robust
representation within the regime.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=Fish |first=Max |init= |author-link= |last2=Shavisi |first2=Arianne |init2= |author2-link= |last3=Gwaambuka |first3=Tatenda |init3= |author3-link= |last4=Tangwa |first4=Godfrey B. |init4= |author4-link= |last5=Ncayiyana |first5=Daniel |init5= |author5-link= |last6=Earp |first6=Brian D |init6= |author6-link=Brian D. Earp |etal=no |title=A new Tuskegee? Unethical human experimentation andWestern neocolonialism in the mass circumcision of Africanmen |trans-title= |language= |journal=Developing World Bioeth |location= |date=2020-09-09 |volume=00 |issue= |article= |page= |pages=1-16 |url=https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12285 |archived= |quote= |pubmedID= |pubmedCID= |DOI=10.1111/dewb.12285 |accessdate=2021-02-13}}</ref>
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