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→Late nineteenth century
===Late nineteenth century===
The first recorded non-religious circumcision of a boy in the United States occurred in 1870 when [[Lewis Albert Sayre]] , a prominent New York City doctor, circumcised a boy of five years of age for paralysis. Sayre then continued to advocate circumcision for numerous reasons until his death in 1900. According to Sayre, circumcision was recommended for paralysis, epilepsy, hernia, lunacy, curvature of the spine, and clubfoot.
Moses (1871) advocated circumcision to prevent [[masturbation]].<ref name="Moses1871">{{REFjournal
Dr. Kellogg perhaps is most famous for his book, ''Plain facts for young and old'' (1879), in which he advocated circumcision of boys as punishment for masturbation.<ref name="kellogg1879" />
[[Elizabeth Blackwell]], M.D.(1821-1910), born in England, but attended medical school in the United States. She was the first woman to become a medical doctor in the United States. Blackwell thought masturbation was immoral but that circumcision was not the way to correct it. She wrote against it in her 1894 book.<ref>{{REFbook |first=Elizabeth |last=Blackwell |author-link=Elizabeth Blackwell |title=The Human Element in Sex; being a Medical Inquiry into the Relation of Sexual Physiology to Christian Morality |edition=2 |year=1894 |pages=35-36 |location=London |publisher=J.& A. Churchill}}</ref>
[[Peter Charles Remondino]], M. D. was a San Diego, California physician. He was born in Turin in 1846, but migrated with his family to the United States at the age of eight. There is some reason to believe that he was of Sephardic Jewish descent and had been circumcised while still in Turin, however this is uncertain.