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There are many myths surrounding the topic of [[circumcision]] that try to justify the [[foreskin]] [[amputation]], which is medically unnecessary. They are all unproven and scientifically refuted. In addition, they are legally on extremely thin ice, since [[human rights]] also apply to babies and children.
This article which was inspired by [[intactivist]] [[Shalea Self]], tries to list them in an alphabetical order to help people find arguments against forced circumcision on minors (aka foreskin amputation aka genital mutilation) easier.
{{Incomplete}}
== Cancer ==
Circumcision does not reduce the risk.
* {{REFweb |url=https://www.cancer.org/cancer/penile-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html |title=Can Penile Cancer Be Prevented? |website=cancer.org |publisher=American Cancer Society |date=2017-10-19 |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== Trauma ==
Wondered what your baby went through?
* {{REFweb |url=https://www.yourwholebaby.org/circumcision-videos |title=Types of Circumcision - Graphic Content Warning |publisher=[[Your Whole Baby]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== HIV ==
Circumcision does not reduce the risk.
* {{REFweb |url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/for-professionals/alleged-medical-benefits/hivaids/ |title=HIV/AIDS |publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
HIV resources:
* {{REFweb |url=http://www.drmomma.org/2014/01/hiv-aids-circumcision-resources.html |title=HIV, AIDS & Circumcision Resources |publisher=[[Dr. Momma - peaceful parenting]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== Pain ==
Long term consequences of high levels of pain in infants
* {{REFjournal |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1595204/ |title=Are There Long-Term Consequences of Pain in Newborn or Very Young Infants? |last=Page |first=Gayle Giboney |init=GG |journal=J Perinat Educ |date=2004-08 |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=10–17 |DOI=10.1624/105812404X1725 |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
Pain of circumcision and inadequate pain relief:
* {{REFweb |url=https://www.yourwholebaby.org/pain-management-research |title=Pain Management Research |publisher=[[Your Whole Baby]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}* {{REFjournal |url=https://www.cochrane.org/CD004217/NEONATAL_pain-relief-for-neonatal-circumcision |title=Pain relief for neonatal circumcision |last=Brady-Fryer |init=B |last2=Wiebe |init2=N |last3=Lander |init3=JA |journal=Cochrane Library |date=2004-10-18 |accessdate=2021-11-12}}* {{REFweb |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/pain/ |title=Pain of circumcision and pain control |publisher=[[CIRP]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
96% of infants circumcised are done so without pain relief. The pain relief given (remaining 4%) is proven only mild relief with infant heart rate, blood pressure, and cortisol levels still rising greatly during the procedure:
* {{REFweb |url=http://www.thewholenetwork.org/twn-news/infant-circumcision-with-anesthesia-does-it-really-help-the-pain |title=Infant Circumcision with Anesthesia: Does It Really Help the Pain? |date=2021-08-20 |publisher=[[The Whole Network]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
Pain management/The effectiveness of anesthesia:
* {{REFweb |url=http://www.drmomma.org/2008/11/the-effectiveness-of-anesthesia-for.html |title= The Effectiveness of Anesthesia for Circumcision Pain |last=Day |first=Danelle |date=2008 |publisher=[[Dr. Momma - peaceful parenting]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== Penile inflammation ==
In young boys ...
* {{REFjournal |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/17475991/ |title=Neonatal circumcision and penile inflammation in young boys |last=Van Howe |first=Robert S. |init=RS |author-link=Robert S. Van Howe |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |date=2007-05 |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=329-33 |pubmedID=17475991 |DOI=10.1177/0009922806295708 |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== Psychological consequences ==
of circumcision
* {{REFjournal |url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-psychological-impact-of-circumcision-Goldman/eea28835decfde7b18af936e42d7e257c66c9336?p2df |title=The psychological impact of circumcision |last=Goldman |first=Ronald |init=R |author-link=Ronald Goldman |DOI=10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.0830s1093.x |date=1999-01-01 |journal=BJU Int |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
Permanent trauma on the boys brain:
* {{REFweb |url=https://iaim.net/extreme-trauma-from-male-circumcision-causes-damage-to-areas-of-brain/ |title=Extreme Trauma from Male Circumcision Causes Damage to Areas of Brain |website=IAIM.net |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== Risks ==
of circumcision:
* {{REFjournal |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30502236/?i=24&from=infant%20circumcision |title=A Longitudinal Population Analysis of Cumulative Risks of Circumcision |journal=J Surg Res |date=2019-01 |volume=233 |pages=111-117 |DOI=10.1016/j.jss.2018.07.069 |last=Hung |init=YC |last2=Chang |init2=DC |last3=Westfal |init3=ML |last4=Marks |init4=IH |last5=Masiakos |init5=PT |last6=Kelleher |init6=CM |pubmedID=30502236 |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== Sensitivity ==
Decrease in penile sensitivity long term.
* {{REFjournal |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/23374102/ |title=Male circumcision decreases penile sensitivity as measured in a large cohort |journal=BJU Int |date=2013-05 |volume=111 |issue=5 |pages=820-7 |DOI=10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11761.x |last=Bronselaer |init=GA |last2=Schober |init2=JM |last3=Meyer-Bahlburg |init3=HFL |last4=T'Sjoen |init4=G |last5=Vlietinck |init5=R |last6=Hoebeke |init6=PB |pubmedID=23374102 |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== SIDS ==
Increased risk due to circumcision.
* {{REFjournal |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6412606/ |title=Neonatal circumcision and prematurity are associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) |journal=J Clin Transl Res |date=2019-01-10 |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=136–151 |pubmedCID=PMC6412606 |pubmedID=30873502 |last=Elhaik |first=Eran |init=E |accessdate=2021-11-12}}* {{REFjournal |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5083856/ |title=A “Wear and Tear” Hypothesis to Explain Sudden Infant Death Syndrome |journal=Front Neurol |date=2016 |volume=7 |issue= |page=180 |pubmedCID=PMC5083856 |pubmedID=27840622 |last=Elhaik |first=Eran |init=E |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== STI ==
Circumcision does not reduce the risk.
* {{REFjournal |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3081655/ |title=Adult Male Circumcision Does Not Reduce Risk of Incident Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Kenya |journal=J Infect Dis |date=2009-08-01 |volume=200 |issue=3 |pages=370–378 |DOI=10.1086/600074 |pubmedCID=PMC3081655 |pubmedID=19545209 |last=Metha |first=Supriya D. |init=SD |last2=Moses |first2=Stephen |init2=S |author2-link=Stephen Moses |last3=Agot |first3=Kawango |init3=K |last4=Parker |first4=Corette |init4=C |last5=Ndinya-Achola |first5=Jeckoniah O. |init5=JO |last6=Maclean |first6=Ian |init6=I |last7=Bailey |first7=Robert C. |init7=RC |author7-link=Robert C. Bailey |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== UTI ==
and Circumcision
* {{REFweb |url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/...for-professionals/alleged-medical-benefits/urinary-tract-infections/ |title=Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) |publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C./)]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
UTI are a complication of circumcision:
* {{REFweb |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/disease/UTI/ |title=Circumcision and urinary tract infection |publisher=[[CIRP]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
UTI resources:
* {{REFweb |url=http://www.savingsons.org/2014/11/uti-resource-page.html |title=UTI Resource Page |publisher=[[Saving Our Sons (SoS)]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
Research by subtopic:
* IntactHealth{{REFweb |url=https://www.intactnetwork.org/research |title=Reseearch: Topical Resources of Study |publisher=[[The Intact Network]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}}
== Other aspects ==
=== Nursing home debate ===
* {{REFweb |url=https://www.littleimages.org/blog/nursing-home-debate/ |title=The Nursing Home Argument |last=Joe |date=2016-06-06 |publisher=[[Little Images]] |accessdate=2021-11-12}} {{SEEALSO}}* [[Arguments pro circumcision]] [[Category:Parental information]]