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|last2=
|first2=
|author2-link=
REFbook uses <init> key
|first=
|author-link=
|year=1997
|title=The geography of sexual mutilations
|url=https://www.academia.edu/4212007/The_Geography_of_Male_and_Female_Genital_Mutilations
|work=Sexual Mutilations: A Human Tragedy
|editoreditors=George C. Denniston, Marilyn Milos
|edition=
|volume=
|Source=
|ref=<ref>{{REFbook
|last=Kellogg
|first=John Harvey
|init=JH
|author-link=John Harvey Kellogg
|url=https://archive.org/details/plainfaorold00kell/page/290
|chapter=Treatment for Self-abuse and Its Effects
|last=Cold
|first=Christopher
|init=C
|last2=McGrath
|first2=Kenneth
|init2=K
|author2-link=Ken McGrath
|year=1999
|last=Ephron
|first=John M.
|init=JM
|author-link=
|year=2001
* In boys circumcised in childhood, [[posttraumatic stress disorder]] ([[PTSD]]) could be diagnosed. In a study on Philippine boys, in whom no [[PTSD]] was found prior to the operation, 69% of the boys circumcised in the traditional ritual and 51% of those circumcised by standard medical procedures (including anaesthesia) fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD following the operation.<ref>{{REFbook
|last=Ramos
|firstinit=S
|last2=Boyle
|first2init2=GJ
|year=2001
|title=Understanding circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem
|last=Schoen
|first=Ed
|init=E
|author-link=Edgar J. Schoen
|year=2005
|last=Fletcher
|first=Christopher R.
|init=CR
|year=1999
|title=Circumcision in America in 1998: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Charges of American Physicians