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== Rights and ethics ==
The [[Rights situation on circumcision|rights situation]] is discussed in a separate article.
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{{FromIntactWiki
|URL=http://intactwiki.org/wiki/Circumcision
|Title=Circumcision
}}
[[Image:Intact vs circumcised.JPG |thumbnail|right|300px| The intact and circumcised human penis, side by side.]]
The term "circumcision" without a gender qualifier refers specifically to male circumcision. It means "to cut around," and it refers to the [[excision]] of the [[foreskin]] from the penis. Circumcision is most often performed in healthy males for [[Religion and Culture|religious or cultural]] reasons. The procedure may be performed on consenting adults, but it is most often performed on non-consenting minors, particularly newborn children, which is why the ritual is so controversial. Opponents of circumcision consider the circumcision of non-consenting minors to be unethical and a human rights violation, unless there is concrete medical indication. Proponents of circumcision consider the circumcision of non-consenting minors to be a "religious freedom" and a "parental right."
Relccate and revise rights section.
Following the discovery of bacteria as a cause of many diseases – such as tuberculosis – the search began for other illnesses that could be prevented by circumcision.
In 1870 the promiment prominent Dr. [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Lewis A. Sayre]] of NYC’s famed Bellevue Hospital<ref>https://nypost.com/2016/12/03/bellevues-doctors-invented-the-procedures-you-take-for-granted/</ref> claimed to cure a boy’s paralyzed legs with circumcision. Sayre's wild advocacy of circumcision exemplified how some [https://intaction.org/circumcision-facts-and-myths/ circumcision facts and myths] originated. He also claimed to cure epilepsy, mental disorders, hip-joint pain, & hernias with circumcision. “Genital irritations” & masturbation were deemed to be the cause of these issues. Sayre was later elected as the President of the American Medical Association. <ref>American Medical Association. Transactions of the American Medical Association. 1870;21:205–11</ref>
In the 1920s it was penile cancer. [[Abraham L. Wolbarst]] (1926) claims that circumcision can prevent penile cancer.<ref name="wolbarst1926">{{REFjournal
|accessdate=2021-11-02
}}</ref>
== Complications ==
=== Pain ===
|accessdate=2021-11-09
}}</ref></blockquote>
== Rights and ethics ==
The [[Rights situation on circumcision|rights situation]] is discussed in a separate article.
-----
{{FromIntactWiki
|URL=http://intactwiki.org/wiki/Circumcision
|Title=Circumcision
}}
[[Image:Intact vs circumcised.JPG |thumbnail|right|300px| The intact and circumcised human penis, side by side.]]
The term "circumcision" without a gender qualifier refers specifically to male circumcision. It means "to cut around," and it refers to the [[excision]] of the [[foreskin]] from the penis. The term is inaccurate and aeuphemism because the operation cuts off or [[amputates]] the [[foreskin]], which in adults comprises about fifteen square inches of highly functional tissue.
Circumcision is most often performed in healthy males for [[Religion and Culture|religious or cultural]] reasons. The procedure may be performed on consenting adults, but it is most often performed on non-consenting minors, particularly newborn children, which is why the ritual is so controversial. Opponents of circumcision consider the circumcision of non-consenting minors to be unethical and a human rights violation, unless there is concrete medical indication. Proponents of circumcision consider the circumcision of non-consenting minors to be a "religious freedom" and a "parental right."
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Adolescent and adult circumcision]]